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PBS Unit 2.1 Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Homeostasis | The body's ability to keep a balanced internal environment despite changes externally to keep temperatures right for survival. |
| Medical History | A comprehensive record of a person's past and present health used by doctors to understand overall health and more. |
| Current History | A detailed, chronological account of the specific health issue or symptoms that brought a patient to seek care at that moment. |
| Previous History | A simple record of your entire health journey to help doctors understand your current health and future risks. |
| Social History | A patient's lifestyle and backround information used to understand how these factors influence their health. |
| Family History | A record of health conditions, diseases, and causes of death for your relatives to help identify genetic, environmental, or lifestyle risks for similar issues in you. |
| Chief Complaint | A brief, concise statement from the patient describing the main symptom, problem, or reason they're seeking medical care. |
| Physical Signs | Something that the clinician can physically observe (for example rash, coughing, swelling) |
| Symptoms | A subjective experience or feeling that indicates a possible illness. |
| Diagnosis | The process of identifying the nature and cause of a disease, injury, or condition by analyzing signs, symptoms, patient history, physical exams, and lab/imaging tests. |
| Differential Diagnosis | A doctor's systematic process of creating a list of possible conditions that could be causing a patient's symptoms, then using tests and further evaluation to rule out less likely causes until the most accurate diagnosis is found. |
| Empathy | The ability to understand and share a patient's feelings and perspective while maintaining professional boundaries. |
| Demeanor | A patient's observable outward behavior, mannerism, and physical appearance, helping clinicians assess their mental state, mood, and attitude. |
| Tact | Labeling something in your environment (see, hear, feel) with a word. |
| Artery | A blood vessel that carries oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to the rest of the body. |
| Vein | A blood vessel that carries blood from the body's tissues back to the heart. |
| Hyper- | Above, excessive, beyond, or too much. |
| Hypo- | Under, below, deficient, or less than normal. |
| -emia | Denoting that a substance is present in the blood. |
| -itis | Forming names or inflammatory diseases. |
| Chemical Reaction | A process where substances are transformed into new substances by breaking and forming chemical bonds. |
| HIPAA | (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act), a federal law establishing standards for protecting sensitive patient information from unauthorized disclosure, ensuring patient rights to access and control their data, etc. |
| Risk Factor | Any attribute, behavior, characteristic, or exposure that increases the likelihood or chance of developing a disease, injury, etc., but doesn't guarantee it. |
| Triage | The process of quickly sorting patients based on the severity of their condition to decide who needs care first. |
| Immune System | The body's complex defense network of cells, tissues, and organs that identifies and fights off harmful invaders, preventing illness and infections by creating an immune response to eliminate threats and remember them fir future encounters. |
| Mucus | A slippery, gel-like substance produced by mucous membranes lining body cavities that protects, lubricates, and traps irritants like dust, germs, and pathogens. |
| Lymph | A clear, watery fluid in the body that collects waste, germs, and excess fluid from the tissues, carrying white blood cells to fight infection and returning fluid to the bloodstream. |
| Lymph Nodes | Small, bean-shaped filters in your body's immune system that trap germs, viruses, and abnormal cells from lymph fluid, using white blood cells to destroy them. |
| Cancer | A group of diseases where abnormal cells grow and divide uncontrollably, ignoring normal signals to stop, forming tumors, invading nearby tissues and potentially spreading to other parts of the body, disrupting healthy function. |
| Carcinogen | Any substance, agent, or exposure that can cause cancer, usually by damaging a cell's DNA and leading to mutations that promote uncontrolled cell gowth. |
| Inflammation | The body's essential immune response to injury or infection, acting to eliminate harmful stimuli and start healing (heat, pain, etc) as white blood cells and chemicals rush to the site. |
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