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Anatomy & Physiology
Chapter 1 - A & P Lecture
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The human body is a _______ system. The _______ in the body work in concert to maintain __________, a balance in the body's __________ environment. | complex, structures, homeostasis, internal |
| Anatomy | scientific discipline that investigates the body's structure, such as the size and shape of a bone |
| Physiology | scientific investigation of the processes or functions of living things |
| Topics of Anatomy: | gross (ex: regional, systemic, surface) & structures so small they require aid of microscope (ex: cytology, histology) |
| Gross | structures examined without a microscope |
| Regional | studied area by area |
| Systemic | studied by system by system |
| Surface | external form used to visualize deeper structures |
| Cytology | cellular anatomy |
| Histology | study of tissues |
| Anatomical Imaging: | x ray, ultrasound, computed tomography, digital subtraction angiography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography |
| X ray | electromagnetic radiation moves through body and is exposed on photographic plat; creates radiograph |
| Ultrasound | sound waves pass into body and bounce back to receiver; visualized as a sonogram |
| Computed Tomography | (CT) computer analyzed x ray images |
| Digital Subtraction Angiography | (DSA) similar to a CT scan but uses a radiopaque dye to enhance differences in areas |
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging | (MRI) radio waves directed to patient while under electromagnetic field; radio waves collected and analyzed by computer |
| Positron Emission Tomography | (PET) radioactively labeled glucose usage by a tissue is detected; provides info on metabolic state |
| Topic of Physiology: | how body responds to stimuli & maintains stable internal conditions in a constantly changing environment Ex: cell physiology (processes in cells), systemic physiology (organ systems), neurophysiology (ns), cardiovascular physiology (heart/blood vessels) |
| Both A & P | they are studied together because they are interwoven and changes in one will affect the other; structure and function are interdependent Ex: pathology ( structural & functional changes caused by disease) |