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CSD 130 Test # 1
Test # 1 Chapters 1-4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. What are the four main processes involved in communication? | formulation, transmission, reception, and comprehension |
| 2. What is the most common modality of communication among humans? | speech |
| 3. The two main career disciplines most closely associated with the study and treatment of communication disorders are | Speech-language pathology and audiology |
| 4. For the majority of people around the world, communication abilities develop... | in the same order and at roughly the same ages |
| 5. When an infant uses ritualized gestures, like pointing, it is most likely an indicator of | intentionality- |
| 6. The first step int he assessment process, which is a quick check of an individual's performance to determine the need for more compreshensive assesment is known as: | screening |
| 7. on average, infants tend to utter their first "true" word at about what age? | 12 months |
| 8. calculation for the MLU is a very common way to evaluate childrens language skills. What does MLU stnad for? | mean length of utterance |
| 9. What is one area in which great improvement occurs during toddler hood? | initiating and maintaining a conversation |
| 10. The ____ is the pace wehre the two neurons meet | synapse |
| 11. What is the broca's area in the brain responsible for? | coordination of speech output |
| 12. The ossicular chain is... | a series of 3 tiny bones within the middle ear |
| 13. Which part of the ear is also called the eardrum | tympanic membraine |
| 14. The three subsystmes of speech production are | respiration, phonation, articulation |
| 15. For optimal caregiver responsiveness, parents should: | sit on the floor with their child to be face to face with the child |
| 16. Formulation and comprehension difficulties usually signal a | language impairment |
| 17. Burping and coughing by the infant are examples of... | reflexive sounds |
| 18. Competence in producing individual phonemes depends upon | development and articulators |
| 19. Where are the hair cells which Convert sound into neutral energy located? | cochlea |
| 20. If a nurse is providing care for a patient who just had a stroke, and he/she notices that he patient | answer... !! |
| 21. Assessment occurs at which of the following times? | answer...!! before diagnosis and intervention during intervention at discharge from intervention |
| 22. What are important considerations in designing and implementing interventions? 22. Which is NOT an important consideration in designing and implementing interactions? | adherence, efficiency, effectiveness overall strength |
| Which of the following is ahelpful tool for understandign an individual's developmental eudcationa, and medcual histories within the assessment 23. process that often happens before the client is actually seen? | chart review |
| which ofthe following describes 24. the process of distinguishing a disorder from other possible alternatives? | making a differential diagnosis |
| 25. What are critical 25. characteristic that goals identified though the assessment process should exhibit? | measurable, attainable, functional |
| 26. Which type of instrument's goals is to compare an individual's performance in a particular area to that of his same-age peers within a normative sample? | norm-referenced test |
| 27. The three-domain model of language includes the ares of content, form and.... | use |
| 28. What are the two parameters that define the standard normal distribution (one meaning average and the second being a standard measure of distance from the average | mean of 100, and standard deviation of 15 |
| 29. Which is an example of an articulator? | tongue |
| 30. When a child makes the "error" of substituting "lellow" for yellow, it is called a, which is a rule based pattern a child applies to simply the complex task of learning to speak? | a phonological process called "assimilation" |
| 31. The process of transmission refers to.. | Conveying ideas to another person |
| 32. What is scaffolding? | assistance provided by another person to assist an individual's performance |
| 33. The directional term afferent refers to | toward the nervous system |
| according to the textbook, what is the critical period for language development | first five years of life |
| 35. The division of the brain that is responsible for higher level cognitive and language abilities is the: | cerebrum |
| TRUE OR FALSE | TRUE OR FALSE |
| 36. Colorless green ideas sleep furiously demonstrates incorrect syntax | FALSE |
| 37. Joint attention means conversational partners are attending to the same thing at the same time and is crucial for both verbal and nonverbal communication. | TRUE |
| 38. Having difficulty with recognizing and producing sentences with appropriate structure is an example of lacking grammatical competence | TRUE |
| 39. The vocabulary spurt is when a individual blurts out the wrong word at the wrong time. | FALSE Vocabulary spurt is a remarkable increase in the rate of vocabulary acquisition |
| 40. The cerebellum is in charge of the "rational" part of the brain that involves conscious planning and responses. | FALSE Cerebellum is in charge of the...is primariloy responsible for regulating motor and muscular activity |
| 41. The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord | TRUE |
| 42. Rituals of infancy provide repetition and predictability which helps children develop language | TRUE |
| 43. A person has a language disorder if they are having difficulty learning English as a second language, but they are fluent in their first language | FALSE |
| 44. "cat," "-ing" and "-ed" are examples of morphemes | TRUE |
| 45. The behaviorist approach to intervention lets the child dictate what the focus of therapy will be based upon her interests. | FALSE |
| VOCABULARY: DEFINE EACH | VOCABULARY |
| 46. Morphology- | Morphology (form): the rules of language governing the internal organization of words. Words can be morphed (manipulated) to change their meanings; for instance, -ed can be added to walk to show that his activity happened int he past (walked). |
| 47. Phonation | (0-1 mo) -When they are happy an happy sound comes out -When they are unpleasant a unpleasant sound comes out |
| 48. Syntax | Syntax- (form): the rules ofl langauge governing the internal organization of sentences. The sentence Colorless gree ideas sleep furiously abides by conventional rules of syntax: its word order is acceptable despite its lack of meaning. |
| 49. Semantics | (content): the rules of langauge governing the meaning of individual words and word combinations. For instance, we know that a culprit is someone who has done something wrong and that green and blue go together meaningfully. |
| 50. babbling | utter a meaningless confusion of words or sound |
| 51. The major divisions of the brain | cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem |
| 52. The study of the functions of body structures | physiology |
| 53. the ability of the brain to reorganize and change during development and after injury | plasticity |
| 54. the rule-governing langauge domains that relate to vocabulary, structure and how langauge is used | Content, form, use |
| 55. The study of body structures | anatomy |
| 56. a test that compares the performance of an individual with the performance of same-aged peers within the test sample | norm-referenced |
| 57. The lobes of the cerebrum | Frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital |
| 58. A measure average utterance length calculated by dividing the total number of morphemes by the total number of utterances | Mean length of utterance (MLU) |
| 60. Essential process necessary for communication | Formulation, transmission, reception, comprehension |
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