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Social Studies US
Flashcards
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Open Door Policy | A U.S.-initiated policy aimed at securing equal trade access to Chinese markets for all nations, rather than allowing exclusive colonization. |
| Expansionism | The policy or practice of increasing a nation’s territorial base or economic influence. |
| Imperialism | The practice of gaining foreign territories to build an empire and expand a nation’s power, often using military force. |
| isolationism | A foreign policy of avoiding entangling alliances and involvement in the affairs of other nations. |
| Multilateralism | Pursuing foreign policy goals in cooperation with multiple other countries. |
| Unilateralism | A policy of taking one-sided actions, often in disregard of other parties or international cooperation. |
| Foreign Policy | The strategies and actions a nation uses in its interactions with other nations, including security, economic, and diplomatic goals. |
| Yellow Journalism | Sensationalized, exaggerated, or false reporting used by newspapers (notably Hearst and Pulitzer) to increase sales and shape public opinion, specifically against Spain in 1898. |
| Monroe Doctrine | A 1823 policy stating the U.S. would not tolerate European intervention or colonization in the Western Hemisphere. |
| Manifest Destiny | The 19th-century belief that U.S. expansion across North America was destined, justifiable, and inevitable. |
| Reasons For the Spanish-American War (1898) | Sinking of the USS Maine, Sensationalist news reports of Spanish atrocities in Cuba created widespread public demand for war. Support for Cuban Independence, Economic Interests: |
| Major Results of the Spanish-American War | The U.S. acquired Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. Cuba was freed from Spain, but became a U.S. protectorate. The U.S. emerged as a major global military and economic power, ending its tradition of isolationism. |
| Pro Imperialism | New markets for American products and access to raw materials. Competing with European empires and spreading American influence. The belief that it was America's duty to spread Christianity and democracy |
| Anti Imperialism | Imperialism contradicted the U.S. Declaration of Independence and the idea of "consent of the governed".Costs and Security: Maintaining colonies was too expensive, and it would draw the U.S. into foreign conflicts. |
| Describe the Spanish policy of reconcentration. | General Valeriano Weyler forced Cuban civilians into, guarded, and often unsanitary camps ("reconcentration areas") to prevent them from helping rebels, resulting in massive disease and death. |
| Why was the USS Maine in Havana harbor? | It was sent in January 1898 to protect U.S. citizens and interests during riots in Havana. |
| Role of Teddy Roosevelt during the Spanish-American War | He resigned as Assistant Secretary of the Navy to form the "Rough Riders" cavalry regiment, achieving fame at the Battle of San Juan Hill. |
| Why did the Spanish fleet quickly succumb to American warships? | The U.S. Navy was modernized, well-supplied, and had trained for battles, whereas the Spanish fleet was antiquated and outmatched. |
| What's the Platt Amendment? | A 1901 amendment to the Cuban constitution that allowed the U.S. to intervene in Cuban affairs and mandated the lease of Guantanamo Bay. |
| What land did the USA gain as a result of the Spanish-American War? | The Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico. |
| How did the Philippines respond to becoming an American territory? | They launched a violent insurrection (Philippine-American War) against the U.S., having expected independence. |
| Why was the Spanish-American War called a "splendid little war?" | It was relatively short (about four months), resulted in few battle casualties, and led to a major victory and expansion for the U.S.. |
| What role did yellow journalism play in the Spanish-American War? | It inflated Spanish brutality and immediately blamed Spain for the USS Maine explosion, pressuring Congress into declaring war. |
| Which event led to the US declaring war on Spain? | Which event led to the US declaring war on Spain? The sinking of the USS Maine, followed by the refusal of Spain to grant Cuba independence. |
| How did Hawaii become a part of the USA? | Through a joint resolution of Congress in 1898, driven by its strategic value during the war for coaling and naval power, after a previous coup by American planters. |
| Why did America want to build a canal across the isthmus of Panama? | To quickly move the U.S. Navy between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, improving defense and trade. |
| How did Alaska become part of the USA? | Purchased from Russia in 1867 for $7.2 million, a deal known as "Seward's Folly" |
| Dollar Diplomacy | A policy, particularly under Taft, aimed at furthering U.S. interests in Latin America and East Asia by guaranteeing loans and using economic power rather than direct military force. |
| Roosevelt Corollary | A 1904 extension to the Monroe Doctrine, declaring the U.S. had the right to act as an "international police power" in Latin America to stabilize economies. |
Created by:
colinh30