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Motion Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| distance | the entire length of an object's path |
| displacement | the difference between the initial, or starting, position and the final position |
| vector | a quantity that has both magnitude and direction |
| position | describes an object's distance and direction from a reference point |
| reference point | the starting point you choose to describe the location, or position, of an object |
| motion | the process of changing position |
| time | the measurable period during which an action, process, or change occurs |
| speed | a measure of the distance an object travels in a given amount of time |
| average speed | the total distance an object travels divided by the total time it takes to travel that distance |
| velocity | the speed and the direction of a moving object |
| distance-time graph | a graph that shows the comparison of distance over time |
| force | a push or pull on an object |
| unbalanced forces | forces acting on an object that combine and form a net force that is not zero |
| balanced forces | forces acting on an object that combine and form a net force of zero |
| net force | the combination of all the forces acting on an object |
| inertia | the tendency for objects in motion to resist changes to their direction and speed |
| acceleration | a measure of the change in velocity during a period of time |
| mass | the amount of matter in an object |
| force pair | the forces two objects apply to each other |
| contact force | a push or a pull on one object by another object that is touching it |
| applied force | a force in which one object directly pushes or pulls on another object |
| noncontact force | a force that one object can apply to another object without touching it |
| Newton's First Law of Motion | an object at rest will stay at rest, and an object in motion will stay in motion unless an unbalanced force acts on the object |
| Newton's Second Law of Motion | the acceleration of an object is equal to the net force exerted on the object divided by the object's mass |
| Newton's Third Law of Motion | when an object applies a force on another object, the second object applies a force of the same strength on the first object, but the force is in the opposite direction |