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med term

cardiovascular system diseases and disorders

TermDefinition
aneurysm localized enlargement (balloon like) of an artery, due to atherosclerotic damage and HBP, weakens blood cell walls, gets in way of blood flow, common in brain
angina severe chest pain due to ischemia of myocardium (close to a heart attack bc blood flow is limited to movement other than rest) usually happens during exercise/movement, pain will stop once they stop whatever they're doing
congestive heart failure (CHF) end stage heart disease where ventricles are so damaged they can no longer pump blood effectively, left sided blood backs up results in pulmonary edema (fluid in lungs, prevents breathing)
coronary artery disease (CAD) plaque build up in the arteries of the heart, atherosclerosis can cause a heart attack by blocking oxygen flow
atherosclerosis fat plaque that adheres to and hardens arteries, think scab, can block blood flow by growing in the way, also can rupture and still cause damage
arrhythmia absence or lack of rhythm in heartbeat (SA node (manages heart system) -> AV node -> rt/lt bundle branches -> purkinje fibers) caused by nature, old MI
shock peripheral blood flow is insufficient back to the heart to replenish exaggerated blood to system, lightheadedness, dizzy, low BP, weak pulse
embolus blood clot that is circulating
thrombus blood clot that is stuck somewhere in the body
heart murmur abnormal heart sound due to a valve problem
auscultation listening to the heart w/ stethoscope
hypertension high BP, heart can't keep up -> failure, brain and kidney (strokes, kidney failure)
hypotension low BP
myocardial infection (MI) - heart attack blockage of a coronary artery, results in death of myocardium, can be minor (you no feel it), can damage a whole artery (no oxygen to brain = unconscious), cholesterol can clot in cell walls as well as white blood cells trying to help but that no bueno
stroke when an aneurysm ruptures in the brain (hemiplegia)
Created by: elianag
 

 



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