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Emma's Stack
Question | Answer |
---|---|
The absorption of useful radiation by a grid is termed... | Grid cut-off. (Lange Q&A p.194 #6) |
Which portion of a CR cassette records the radiologic image? | Photostimulable phosphor (Lange Q&A p.196 #15) |
The process of "leveling and windowing' of digital images determines the images' | Contrast (Lange Q&A p.234 #22) |
Materials that emit light when stimulated by x-ray photons are called... | Phosphors (Lange Q&A p.199 #34) |
The relationship between the intensity of light striking a film and the intensity of light transmitted through the film is an expression of ... | Radiographic Density (Lange Q&A p.203 #55) |
The line focus principle expresses the relationship between... | Actual and effective focal spot (Lange Q&A p. 203 353) |
Which developing agent has the biggest impact on the shoulder of the characteristic curve? | Hydroquinone (Lange Q&A p.204 #60) |
Focal-spot size, screen speed and OID are all related to ... | Recorded detail (lange Q&A p.206 #70) |
True/ False Effects of scattered radiation on a radiographic image produce fog | True (lange Q&A p. 209 3 102) |
Heat from an anode is MOST LIKELY to be disspiated by... | Radiation (Bushong p.133) |
What is the Heat Unit equation for a three phase/ high frequency generator? | HU= 1.4 x kvp x mA x s (Bushong p.135 box #2) |
Electrons that bounce off the focal spot and land on areas of the target causing x-rays to be produced from outside of the focal spot is termed... | Off-focus radiation (Bushong p.131 para. 5&6) |
A fluoroscopic examination is performed with a single-phase imaging system at 76 kvp and 1.5 mA for 3.5 mins. How many heat units are generated? (HU= kvp x mA xs) Hint: first convert mins to seconds | HU= 76 x 1.5 x 210= 23,940 HU (Bushong p.135 #2) |
Six sequential skull films are exposed with a three phase generator operated at 82 kvp, 120mAs. What is the total heat generated/ | HU= 1.4 x kvp x mAs HU= 1.4 x 82 x 120= 13,776 HU 13,776 x 6 films = 82,656 HU (Bushong p.135 box 2) |
What type of x-rays are produced when a projectile electron is slowed by the electric field of a target atom nucleus? | Bremsstrahlung (Bushong p.142 box) |
Added filtration more effectively absorbs low energy x-rays than high energy x-rays. give another name for added filtration | Hardening (Bushong p.147 para.4) |
Name the three effects that take place when electrons are accelerated from the cathode to the target of the anode | 1)the production of heat 2)formation of characteristic x-ray 3)formation of Bremsstrahlung x-ray (Bushong p.149 summary) |
What increases the quality of an x-ray beam? | Increasing KVP (Bushong p.157 penguin box) |
Diagnostic x-rays undergo ionizing interactions with inner shell electrons. The x-ray is totally absorbed. Name this process. | The photoelectric effect (Bushong p.165 para.10) |
What provides enough illumination in the darkroom while ensuring the film remains unexposed? | Safelights. (Bushong p.188 para.1) |
Give the equation for the Reciprocity Law | Exposure= Intensity x Time [= constant optical density] (Bushong p.187 box) |
Which stage of processing sees the latent image converted into a manifest image? | Developing (Processing the Latent Image ppt) |
Name the device that measures the quantity of radiation that reaches the image receptor and automatically terminates exposure when IR has recieved required radiation intensity. | AEC Automatic Exposure Control (Bushong p.108 para.11) |
What is responsible for increasing the out put voltage from the autotransformer to kVP necessary for x-ray production? | High voltage generator (Bushong p.109 para.5) |
Within the X-ray Circuit, the electronic device that allows current to flow in one direction is called... | Rectifier (Bushong p.110 para.3) |
What is a diode? | A vacuum tube with two electrodes [[cathode and anode] (Bushong p.635) |
If your thumb is the thrust, your index finger the field and your second finger the current, what rule are you following? | The left Hand Rule (wikipedia.org/wiki/file:left_hand_rule.png) |
The total number of x-ray photons produced at the target is contingent on... | 1) tube current 2)target material 3)square of the kilovoltage (radrevieweasy.com QID16718) |
What is the primary function of an x-ray imaging system? | To convert electric energy into electromagnetic energy. (Bushong p.73 para.5) |
Patient dose in fluoroscopy is affected by the ... | 1)tissue density, 2)amount of magnification, 3)distance between the patient and the input phosphur (Radrevieweasy.com QID#16629) |
Name the study of stationary electric charges | Electrostatics (Bushong p.73 penguin box#2) |
Three characteristics of an x-ray tube | 1)Useful beam emerges from port window. 2)cathode assembly recieves both high and low voltages, 3) target material should have both high atomic # and high melting point. Radrevieweasy QID 16649 |
What are the principle parts of an induction motor? | Rotors and stators (Bushong p.93 figure 5.38) |
What is the definition of the half value layer | The HVL of an xray beam is the thickness of the absorbing material necessary to reduce the xray intensity to half its original value. (Bushong p.155 penguin box 4) |
Differential absorption and attenuation of the xray beam depend on... | 1) Z# of atoms in the tissue 2) Mass density of atoms in the tissue 3) The xray energy (Bushong p.176 para.2) |
Which term describes the amount of electric charge flowing per second? | Current. radrevieweasy.com QID16678 |
If a high-voltage transformer has 100 primary turns and 35,000 secondary turns, and is supplied by 220 V and 75 A, what are the secondary voltage and current? | secondary voltage- Vs/Vp=Ns/Np secondary amps(I)- Ns/Np=Ip/Is Answer is 200 mA and 77kvp |
What is the primary controller of density? | mAs. (image Production & Evaluation Handout) |
Which phenomenom dramatically affects recorded detail when high speed screens are used with extremely low mAs? | Quantum mottle (Image Production&Eval. handout p.9) |
Name the fixing agent in the "Fixing Cycle" | Ammonium Thiosulfate (Process latent image ppt) |