Totality of learned, shared symbols, language, values, and norms that distinguish one group of people from another

Groups of people who share a culture with one another

Our perceptions of our ancestry or heritage

Our status as a citizen of a particular country

The process of acquiring a culture

Groups of people who share values, customs, and norms related to mutual interests or characteristics other than their national citizenship

Something that represents an idea

The standard used to judge how good, desirable, or beautiful something is

Rules or expectations that guide people’s behavior in culture

Terminology that is only understood by others in the same co-culture

Collectivistic cultures

Where people are taught that their primary responsibility is to their families, their communities, and their employers

People are expected to be direct and say what they mean

People are taught to speak in a much less direct way to maintain harmony and avoid offense are more important than expressing true feelings

Low-power-distance culture

Belief that all men and women are equal and that no one person or group should have excessive power

High-power-distance culture

Power is distributed less evenly and people are taught that certain people or groups deserve more power than others and that respecting power is more important than respecting equality

People tend to cherish stereotypically masculine values such as ambition, achievement, and the acquisition of material goods

People tend to value nurturing behavior, quality of life, and service to others

Conceive of time as more holistic and fluid and less structured; treat time as a finite commodity that must be managed properly to avoid wasting it

Uncertainty avoidance

The extent to which people try to avoid situations that are unstructured, unclear, and unpredictable

An awareness of how other people’s behaviors and ways of thinking are likely to differ from our own

The tendency to judge other cultures’ practices as inferior to one’s own

Verbal and nonverbal behaviors whose meanings are often

Shift between jargon and pain language in order to be understood by others

The cultural gap between groups that do and do not have regular Internet access

Groups we see as different from us

Individualistic culture

People believe their primary responsibility is to themselves

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Chapter 2 Key Terms

Intro to Communication Spring 2026

Question	Answer
Culture	Totality of learned, shared symbols, language, values, and norms that distinguish one group of people from another
Societies	Groups of people who share a culture with one another
In-groups	Groups we identify with
Ethnicity	Our perceptions of our ancestry or heritage
Nationality	Our status as a citizen of a particular country
Enculturation	The process of acquiring a culture
Co-cultures	Groups of people who share values, customs, and norms related to mutual interests or characteristics other than their national citizenship
Symbol	Something that represents an idea
Values	The standard used to judge how good, desirable, or beautiful something is
Norms	Rules or expectations that guide people’s behavior in culture
Jargon	Terminology that is only understood by others in the same co-culture
Collectivistic cultures	Where people are taught that their primary responsibility is to their families, their communities, and their employers
Low-context culture	People are expected to be direct and say what they mean
High-context culture	People are taught to speak in a much less direct way to maintain harmony and avoid offense are more important than expressing true feelings
Low-power-distance culture	Belief that all men and women are equal and that no one person or group should have excessive power
High-power-distance culture	Power is distributed less evenly and people are taught that certain people or groups deserve more power than others and that respecting power is more important than respecting equality
Masculine culture	People tend to cherish stereotypically masculine values such as ambition, achievement, and the acquisition of material goods
Feminine culture	People tend to value nurturing behavior, quality of life, and service to others
Monochromic	View time as a commodity
Polychromic	Conceive of time as more holistic and fluid and less structured; treat time as a finite commodity that must be managed properly to avoid wasting it
Uncertainty avoidance	The extent to which people try to avoid situations that are unstructured, unclear, and unpredictable
Mindfulness	An awareness of how other people’s behaviors and ways of thinking are likely to differ from our own
Ethnocentrism	The tendency to judge other cultures’ practices as inferior to one’s own
Communication codes	Verbal and nonverbal behaviors whose meanings are often
Code-switch	Shift between jargon and pain language in order to be understood by others
Gestures	Movements that express ideas
Ambiguity	A lack of certainty
Digital divide	The cultural gap between groups that do and do not have regular Internet access
Out-group	Groups we see as different from us
Individualistic culture	People believe their primary responsibility is to themselves

Created by: KristenR2025

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