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Neurological System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| CNS components | brain and spinal cord |
| peripheral NS components | the spinal nerves (31 pairs) and cranial nerves (12 pairs) |
| sensory division motor division | (afferent) conveys signals towards CNS (efferent) conveys signals away from CNS |
| somatic division autonomic both | conscious control not under conscious control convey motor impulses from CNS to effector organ |
| somatic effector organ autonomic effector organ | skeletal muscle cardiac muscle, smooth muscle and glands |
| sympathetic parasympathetic | F or f rest or digest |
| brain anatomy | within cranial cavity, surrounded by cranial bones highly folded surface to form sulci and gyri, increasing SA divided into 2 cerebral hemispheres connected to SC via brainstem |
| cerebellum | composed of two cerebellar hemispheres involuntarily smooths skeletal muscle movement, posture and balance functions in learning complex motor skills |
| parts of the brainstem | midbrain pons medulla oblongata |
| midbrain | between the cerebrum and the pons function - auditory and visual reflexes |
| pons | between cerebellum, midbrain and medulla oblongata function - respiration, connects cerebellar hemispheres together |
| medulla oblongata | between pons and spinal cord cardiovascular and respiratory control |
| what is matter? divided into... | building blocks of CNS grey matter - cell bodies of the neurones white matter - the myelin sheath surrounding axons of the neurons |
| meninges contains a _____ space which contains _____ fluid | three protective layers surrounding brain and SC dura mater - tough and thick double-layer arachnoid mater - spider-like membrane pia mater - thin and delicate subarachnoid , cerebrospinal |
| cranial nerves location function | connected directly to inferior brain surface and BS transmit signals to and from CNS , mostly control and integrate info from head and neck |
| cranial nerves possible functions | sensory, somatic motor (voluntary), autonomic motor (involuntary), sensory and motor (both) |
| cerebrospinal fluid secreted by the _____ and eventually absorbed into the BS by ____ supports brain and SC by acting as a ___ | clear fluid circulating from ventricles through subarachnoid space and around brain and SC choroid plexuses, arachnoid villi shock absorber |
| spinal cord | extends from medulla oblongata to vertebral level L1 conveys signals towards brain and carries motor signals away from brain forms part of several reflex arcs , widened in the cervical and lumbosacral areas |
| spinal nerves how many pairs from superior to inferior? | functionally divided into segments , one pair of SN emerges at each segment 31 pairs attach to the spinal cord |
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user-2004250