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global change sazzin

QuestionAnswer
pq es mejor estudiar genes que proteinas pa inferir evolution porq variaciones no producen un efecto phenotypic , not alter aa seq ademas most alleles in genes are shared between populations --> infer evolutionhistory
cuantas variaciones geneticas suele presentar cada individuo millones africa 30 millones europeos 15 millones
quien tiene mas var geneticas la pob africana o europea y pq africana es mas vieja evolutivamente , la europea es mas nueva , mens tiempo de acumular variaciones
se estudia poblacion o individuo poblacion
macro micro evolution macro --> evolut processes at species level , million of years micro --> evolt processes at pop level . thousands of years (explican dif between populations) MICROEVOLUT variaciones acumuladas en el tiempo--> MACROEVOLUTION
cuando evoluciona una poblacion? que tiene q cambiar? la frequency de una variante genetica
los rasgos d una especie evolucionan de forma linrar? no porq no lo hacen todos al mismo tiempo , no es linear ni sincronizado
bush model es el modelo del arbusto , dice que la evol humana no fue una linea recta si no un arbusto ramificado donde varios hominios coexistieron y evolucionaron de forma diferente
cual es el mayor rasgo de humanos larger brain and largest EQ encephalization quotient
cuanto % de BMR se lleva el cerebro 20% de basal metabolic rate
origen del homo sapiens 3 millones de años
out of africa 3 el homo sapiends was the third major dispersal of hominin species out of africa
el homo sapiens se fue de africa en single or multiple dispersals multiple because no fue un grupo solo , diferent goups left africa in dif times
main source for studying human evolution our genome
SNVs single nucleotide variations lo mas util pa estudiar evolution cambio en un alelo , small singe base position between geonmes
neolithic transition some groups of hunter gathered became agriculturalist started to produce its own resources , increase amount of resources , increase num of indiv DEMOGRAPHIC EXPLOSION
admixture cap of populations to move , and to come into contact with other pop , which leads into gene flow
se parecen mas geneticamente dos indiv de una poblacion o de dos pob diferentes % de dif gen entre individuos de la misma especie / pob ≈ 10 % d dif genética entre individuos de pob (o especies) dif La mayor parte de la var.gen se encuentra dentro d las pop, mientras que solo una fracción menor corresponde a diferencias entre pop
neutral genetic variants are variants that dont modulate specific biological traits es un cambio en el adn , una variante que no afecta a ningun rasgo biologico importante , no presenta ventajas ni desventajas
como evoluciona la mayor parte de nuestro genoma neutrally , cambis random en el adn , que no nos dan ni ventajas ni desventajas evolutivas
como dos pob similares genotipicamente difieren tanto fenotipicamente porque un pequeño cambio genetico can modulate biological traits piel negra o blanca --> es un cambio en muy pocos genes pero fenotipicamente se ve muy diferente es una adaptacion al clima y UV (piel clara UV bajo)
que niveles de adaptacion hay? natural --> selec natural favoreciendo freq de alelos beneficioso social cultural --> technical improvementes , modifying env
Created by: user-2016378
 

 



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