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US History Final
Cumulative Exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Causes of the American Revolution: What was the Proclamation of 1763? | A British decree after the French and Indian war that didn't allow American colonists to settle West of the Appalachian Mountains (Natives lived there and the British didn't want another conflict) |
| Causes of the American Revolution: What was the French and Indian War? | It was a war between the French and British along with their Native American allies over territory. The British won but have a lot of debt as a result |
| What are Natural Rights? | Everyone has the inalienable (no one can take them away- they are God given) rights of life, liberty, and property |
| What is the Social Contract? | People consent to a government to protect their natural rights |
| What is the Right to Revolution? | If the government fails to protect people's rights, the people have a right to change the government |
| What is Popular Sovereignty? | The power of the government comes from the people |
| Who was John Locke? | He was an enlightenment thinker who believed in natural rights, social contract, right to revolution, and popular sovereignty. His ideas most influenced the Declaration of Independence |
| What was the Declaration of Independence and what was its significance? | It was the "aspirational" mission statement of the United States outlining American ideals to signify the American colonists' freedom from Great Britain |
| What is Manifest Destiny? | It is the idea that white Americans/the United States were divinely ordained to spread democracy and to settle the entire continent of North America |
| Causes of the Civil War: What was the Missouri Compromise (1820)? | It was a US law that admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state |
| Causes of the Civil War: What was the Mexican American War? | It was a war between US and Mexico sparked by the US annexation of Texas and disputes over the Southern Border. The US won and gained a lot of territorial expansion (led to issue of if slavery should be allowed in new territories or not) |
| Causes of the Civil War: What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)? | It cancelled the Missouri Compromise and allowed settlers to choose if they were a free or slave state through popular sovereignty. It led to a violent conflict between pro/anti-slavery settlers |
| Causes of the Civil War: What was Dredd Scott v. Sandford (1857)? | The court declared that African Americans were not and never could be U.S citizens and could not sue in federal court. Northerners viewed it as a "slave power" conspiracy and saw Southerners as embracing the most extreme pro-slavery stance |
| What was the Emancipation Proclamation? | It was issued by President Abraham Lincoln and declared enslaved African Americans in confederate states only (states in rebellion against the Union) as free |
| What was the Gettysburg Address? | It was a speech delivered by Abraham Lincoln during the civil war that included principles from the Declaration of Independence and reframed the purpose of the war by fighting to protect democracy, equality, and freedom. |
| What is the 13th Amendment? | It abolished slavery everywhere in the US, except as punishment for a crime (this was an exception clause/loophole to continue slavery) |
| What is the 14th Amendment? | It made it so everyone could become a US citizen and that African Americans counted as 1 person, not 3/5 of a person -Jus Sanguinis: Law of blood (citizenship determined by patronage) -Jus Soli: Law of the soil (citizenship determined by place of birth) |
| What is the 15th Amendment? | It made it so everyone except women can vote |
| What were black codes? | Laws passed in the South to limit the rights of newly freed African Americans |
| What were Jim Crow Laws? | They were a collection of state and local laws that legalized racial segregation |
| What are methods of disenfranchisement? | Disenfranchisement is the removal of the right to vote and methods included... literacy tests, poll tax, grandfather clause, intimidation, and felony disenfranchisement laws |
| What was the Plessy v. Ferguson case (1896)? | It allowed racial segregation under "separate but equal" doctrine. It upheld the 14th amendment on the surface |
| What was the Lost Cause Narrative? | It was a myth that argued the cause of the secession (withdrawal from the Union) of the Southern States during the American civil war was just, heroic, and not centered on slavery |
| What are Robber Barrons? | American industrialists who built vast fortunes by using ruthless and unethical tactics to exploit labor and crush competition |
| What are Captains of Industry? | Influential business leaders who built massive companies, spurred economic growth, created jobs, and often engaged in significant philanthropy |
| What are immigration push factors? | Push factors are what push people to leave their home country and can include... war/violence, persecution, poverty, lack of jobs, social oppression, natural disasters |
| What are immigration pull factors? | Pull factors are what attract immigrants to a certain country and can include... better economic opportunities, improved quality of life, political/religious freedom, reunification with family |
| What are problems of urbanization? | Environmental issues, tenements, social challenges (overcrowding, slums, inequality), economic pressures (unemployment) |
| What are some examples of political corruption during the Gilded Age? | Jobs were given to political supporters rather than based on merit, cities were controlled through bribery and favors, illegal use of political authority |
| What were progressive reforms? | A broad movement in the 19th and 20th centuries that aimed to address problems from industrialization |
| What was the Monroe Doctrine (1823)? | US policy asserting that the Americas are the United State's sphere of influence and that the US will stay out of European affairs. In return, Europe should stay out of American affairs |
| What was the Turner Thesis? | Turner argued that the American frontier was the primary force shaping American democracy, character, and identity |
| What was Mahan? | Mahan argued that national power and prosperity hinged on a strong navy. He argued for overseas naval bases to continue Westward expansion |
| What was the Spanish-American War? | When the US invaded Cuba to fight against Spain (ending its colonial empire) where the US established itself as a world power. The US gained Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. |
| What was the Roosevelt Corollary (1904)? | The America's are the US's sphere of influence AND the US can intervene in Latin American countries to maintain order and protect US economic interests |
| What was "Dollar Diplomacy" (1912 )? | President Taft "substituted dollars for bullets." Taft offered to pay off Latin American debts to European nations (Latin American countries now indebted to the US). If Latin American nation resisted, Taft responded with military force |
| What was "Moral Diplomacy"? | The policy of supporting countries with democratic governments and opposing oppressive or undemocratic regimes, aiming to promote democracy and human rights worldwide |
| What is Social Darwinism? | A theory that emerged in the late 19th century that applies Charles Darwin's biological ideas of "natural selection" and "survival of the fittest" to human society |
| What is the White Man's Burden? | It is a phrase originating from a poem that refers to the idea that Western nations (the US) had a responsibility to "civilize" and educate colonized people by bringing European culture and law to them |
Created by:
marenlut