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chapter 13 biology

QuestionAnswer
Bioinformatics field of study that creates and maintains databases of biological information, especially genomic data.
Cloning process in which large numbers of identical recombinant DNA molecules are produced.
DNA Fingerprinting separating an individual’s unique sequence of DNA fragments to observe distinct banding patterns; can be used by forensic scientists to identify suspects and determine paternity.
DNA Ligase enzyme that chemically links DNA fragments together.
DNA Microarray silicon chips or microscope slides with DNA fragments that can allow many genes in a genome to be studied simultaneously
Gel Electrophoresis process that involves using electric current to separate certain biological molecules by size
Gene Therapy technique to correct mutated diseasecausing genes.
Genetic Engineering technology used to manipulate an organism’s DNA by inserting the DNA of another organism
Genome total DNA in each cell nucleus of an organism.
Genomics study of an organism’s genome
Haplotype area of linked genetic variations in the human genome
Inbreeding selective breeding of closely related organisms to produce desired traits and eliminate undesired traits, resulting in pure lines—however, harmful recessive traits can also be passed on.
Pharmacogenomics study of how genetic inheritance affects the body’s response to drugs in order to produce safer and more specific drug dosing
Plasmid any of the small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecules that can be used as a vector
Polymerase Chain Reaction genetic engineering technique that can make copies of specific regions of a DNA fragment.
Proteomics study of the structure and function of proteins in the human body
Recombinant DNA newly generated DNA fragment containing exogenous DNA
Restriction Enzyme bacterial protein that cuts DNA into fragments.
Selective Breeding directed breeding to produce plants and animals with desired traits
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism variation in a DNA sequence occurring when a single nucleotide in a genome is altered.
Test Cross breeding that can be used to determine an organism’s genotype
Transformation process in which bacterial cells take up recombinant plasmid DNA
Transgenic Organism organism that is genetically engineered by inserting a gene from another organism
Created by: user-1773900
 

 



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