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Da Brain.....
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Central Nervous System (CNS) | The part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord, responsible for processing information, integrating sensory input, and coordinating responses and behavior. |
| Spinal Cord | A long bundle of nerves extending from the brainstem down the spine that transmits signals between the brain and the rest of the body and controls reflexes. |
| Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) | All nerves outside the brain and spinal cord; it connects the CNS to limbs and organs. |
| Brachial Plexus | A network of nerves originating from the spinal cord that supplies the shoulders, arms, and hands. |
| Ulnar Nerve | A nerve of the arm that controls sensation in the ring and little fingers and movement of some hand muscles. |
| Radial Nerve | A nerve that controls movement and sensation in the back of the arm and hand, especially wrist and finger extension. |
| Median Nerve | A nerve that supplies muscles of the forearm and hand and provides sensation to the thumb and first two fingers. |
| Sciatic Nerve | The largest nerve in the body; runs from the lower back down the leg and controls movement and sensation in the lower limb. |
| Occipital Lobe | The part of the brain responsible for vision. |
| Cerebellum | Controls balance, coordination, posture, and fine motor movements. |
| Brain Stem | Connects the brain to the spinal cord and controls vital functions like breathing and heart rate. |
| Frontal Lobe | Responsible for decision-making, personality, voluntary movement, and speech production. |
| Temporal Lobe | Involved in hearing, memory, and language comprehension. |
| Parietal Lobe | Processes sensory information such as touch, temperature, and pain. |
| Wernicke’s Area | A region involved in understanding spoken and written language. |
| Broca’s Area | A region responsible for speech production and language expression. |
| Sensory Cortex | A strip of cortex that receives and processes sensory information from the body. |
| Motor Cortex | A strip of cortex that controls voluntary muscle movements. |
| Gyrus / Gyri | Raised folds of the brain’s surface. |
| Sulcus / Sulci | Grooves or indentations between gyri on the brain’s surface. |
| Amygdala | Involved in emotion processing, especially fear and aggression. |
| Hypothalamus | Maintains homeostasis by regulating temperature, hunger, thirst, hormones, and circadian rhythms. |
| Olfactory Bulbs | Structures involved in the sense of smell. |
| Limbic System | A group of structures involved in emotion, memory, and motivation. |
| Hippocampus | Plays a key role in forming new memories and learning. |
| Corpus Callosum | A thick band of nerve fibers that connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain. |
| Pineal Gland | Produces melatonin and helps regulate sleep-wake cycles. |
| Pituitary Gland | The “master gland” that controls other endocrine glands and releases hormones. |
| Thalamus | Acts as a relay station, directing sensory information to the appropriate areas of the brain. |
| Pons | Regulates sleep, breathing, and communication between brain regions. |
| Medulla Oblongata | Controls vital autonomic functions such as heart rate, breathing, and blood pressure. |
| Midbrain | Involved in movement, vision, hearing, and reflex responses. |
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