Certain variations, called adaptations, increase an individual’s chances of surviving and reproducing.

DIFFERENTIAL REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS

some individuals in a population leave more offspring than others because they have advantageous traits better suited to their environment

describes how well an organism can survive and reproduce in its environment.

the formation of a new species (can no longer produce fertile offspring with previous ancestors)

reproductive isolation

When populations within a species become unable to reproduce, the gene pool is split. When this occurs, the species can evolve into two separate species.

Body parts that share a common function, but not structure. The wing of a bee and the wing of a bird are analogous structures.

are inherited from ancestors, but have lost much or all of their original function due to different selection pressures acting on the descendant. The hipbones of baleen whales are vestigial structures. In their ancestors, hipbones played a role in terrestrial locomotion. However, as the whale lineage adapted to life at sea, this function was lost.

Homologous structures

Structures that are shared by related species and that have been inherited from a common ancestor These limbs evolved, with modifications, from the front limbs of a common ancestor whose bones resembled those of an ancient fish.

the number of times an allele occurs in a gene pool

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Question	Answer
Natural selection	Certain variations, called adaptations, increase an individual’s chances of surviving and reproducing.
DIFFERENTIAL REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS	some individuals in a population leave more offspring than others because they have advantageous traits better suited to their environment
Fitness	describes how well an organism can survive and reproduce in its environment.
Speciation	the formation of a new species (can no longer produce fertile offspring with previous ancestors)
reproductive isolation	When populations within a species become unable to reproduce, the gene pool is split. When this occurs, the species can evolve into two separate species.
analogous structures	Body parts that share a common function, but not structure. The wing of a bee and the wing of a bird are analogous structures.
Vestigial structures	are inherited from ancestors, but have lost much or all of their original function due to different selection pressures acting on the descendant. The hipbones of baleen whales are vestigial structures. In their ancestors, hipbones played a role in terrestrial locomotion. However, as the whale lineage adapted to life at sea, this function was lost.
Homologous structures	Structures that are shared by related species and that have been inherited from a common ancestor These limbs evolved, with modifications, from the front limbs of a common ancestor whose bones resembled those of an ancient fish.
ALLELE FREQUENCY	the number of times an allele occurs in a gene pool

Created by: user-1879135

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