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New South 26
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was the goal of the New South movement? | To modernize Georgia’s economy by shifting from farming to industry. |
| Why did the New South movement begin? | Georgia needed economic recovery after the Civil War and relied too heavily on agriculture. |
| What was Georgia’s main crop from the 1800s to the 1920s? | Cotton. |
| Who was Henry Grady and why was he important? | He was the “Voice of the New South” who promoted industrial growth through journalism. |
| What newspaper did Henry Grady edit? | The Atlanta Journal. |
| Who made up the Bourbon Triumvirate? | Joseph E. Brown |
| What was the goal of the Bourbon Triumvirate? | To support business growth |
| How did the Bourbon Triumvirate affect poor farmers? | Their business-focused policies often hurt poor farmers. |
| What was the purpose of the International Cotton Exposition? | To attract new industries and Northern investment to Georgia. |
| Who was Tom Watson? | A Georgia politician who first supported poor farmers but later used racism to gain white support. |
| What was the Populist Party? | A political party made up mainly of poor farmers and African Americans. |
| Why did the Populist Party fail? | Racial divisions prevented poor whites and African Americans from working together. |
| What were Jim Crow laws? | Laws that enforced racial segregation and discrimination. |
| Why were Jim Crow laws created? | To maintain white political control and limit African American rights. |
| What is segregation? | The separation of people based on race. |
| What was the Plessy v. Ferguson case? | A Supreme Court case that ruled segregation was constitutional. |
| What did “separate but equal” mean? | Segregation was allowed as long as facilities were equal. |
| Why was “separate but equal” unfair? | Facilities for African Americans were rarely equal. |
| Who was Homer Plessy? | A man arrested for sitting in a whites-only railroad car. |
| What is disenfranchisement? | The process of denying people the right to vote. |
| How did poll taxes limit voting? | They required a fee that many poor citizens could not afford. |
| How did literacy tests limit voting? | They were used to prevent African Americans from voting. |
| What was the grandfather clause? | A law allowing men to vote if their grandfather voted before the Civil War. |
| What were white primaries? | Elections only whites could vote in |
| What was the cause of the 1906 Atlanta Race Riot? | Racial tension |
| What was a result of the 1906 Atlanta Race Riot? | African Americans were killed |
| Who was Booker T. Washington? | A leader who believed African Americans should gain equality through education and jobs. |
| What was the Atlanta Compromise? | A speech encouraging gradual progress and cooperation with whites. |
| Who was W.E.B. Du Bois? | A leader who believed African Americans should demand immediate civil rights. |
| How did Du Bois disagree with Booker T. Washington? | He believed in immediate equality instead of gradual progress. |
| What is the NAACP? | An organization founded to fight discrimination and segregation through the courts. |
| Who was Alonzo Herndon? | A formerly enslaved man who became a successful Atlanta businessman. |
| What company did Alonzo Herndon found? | Atlanta Mutual Life Insurance Company. |
| Why were Black-owned businesses important during Jim Crow? | They provided jobs and independence when segregation limited opportunities. |
| What is a key conclusion about the New South era? | Georgia experienced economic growth while racial inequality remained. |
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