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when the earth shake
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| fault | A fracture in bedrock along which blocks of rock on opposite sides of the fracture move |
| intensity | a measure of the damage done by an earthquake that is determined on the basis of the earthquakes effect on people structures and the natural environment . |
| magnitude | a measure of the total amount of energy released at the focus of an earthquake |
| destructive | causing damage or injury |
| stress | the amount of force being applied to a rock or surface |
| tsunami | a series of sea waves caused by undersea events such as an earthquake beneath the ocean floor that rise to great height as they near shore |
| seismograph | an instrument used to detect earthquake waves |
| sesimogram | the record made by a seismograph the paper on which data about earthquake waves is recorded |
| tension | a pulling force that stretches and thins the Earth's crust, causing rocks to pull apart, leading to normal faults, where blocks of crust drop down, creating features like rift valleys and contributing to earthquakes at divergent plate boundaries |
| compression | the squeezing force from tectonic plates pushing together, causing rocks to fold or break, creating faults (like reverse/thrust faults) and generating earthquakes |
| shearing | the stress and deformation where rocks slide horizontally past each other along a fault, causing tearing and fracturing |
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