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Endocrine System

QuestionAnswer
functions regulate growth and development, homeostasis maintenance, development of secondary sex characteristics, stress response
hormone chemical mediator released in one part of body but regulates the activity of cells in another part of the body delivered to TCs via BS
hormone réponses _____ than NS but effect is ____ influence of the endocrine system is ___ than NS slower , longer lasting broader
neuronal control vs endocrine control neurotransmitters vs hormones target receptors on postsynaptic neuron vs in target tissue target organs are isolated muscles and glands vs broader organs reversible response vs irreversible response
homeostasis examples maintenance of a constant internal environment involves constant adjustment to maintain equilibrium temp, blood glucose, fluid balance and electrolytes, blood pressure
positive feedback negative feedback amplify the response re-stabilise the system
fluid balance and blood pressure stress metabolism ADH, aldoesterone cortisol, aderenaline thyroid hormone
endocrine gland a group of secretory cells surrounded by network of capillaries, facilitating diffusion of hormones from gland into the BS
true endocrine organs pituitary , thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pineal
two chemical classes of hormone steroid - e.g. cortisol non-steroid - e.g. insulin, glucagon
hypothalamus function major link between neurosensory and endocrine systems secretion of 9 different hormones
pituitary gland pea-shaped and positioned within the sphenoid bone divided into anterior and posterior pituitary connects to hypothalamus
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)/vasopressin secretion caused by decrease in blood volume decrease urine production and water loss via sweating constricts arterioles increases blood pressure
thyroid gland butterfly shaped inferior to the larynx anterior to trachea
thyroid hormone functions increased basal metabolic rate, enhance action of catecholamines, regulate development of nerve tissue and bone , produces calcitonin (decreases calcium levels in the blood)
parathyroid small pea-sized masses of tissue embedded in posterior surface of the lateral lobes secretes parathyroid hormone
adrenal glands paired structures positioned superior to kidney flattened and pyramidal divided into adrenal cortex and central adrenal medulla
adrenal medulla releases adrenaline and noradrenaline
adrenal cortex releases aldosterone cortisol, cortisone oestrogen, testosterone
pineal gland produces melatonin
endocrine pancreas cells are distributed into islets of lagerhands beta cells - produce insulin alpha cells - produce glucagon
insulin function regulate bg by enabling cells to take in and use glucose for energy via facilitated diffusion
diabetes there is either... an insulin deficiency or an abnormal response to insulin
hypoglycaemia hyperglycaemia low blood sugar rapid onset 1-3 hrs high blood sugar onset over 4-10 hrs
Created by: user-2004250
 

 



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