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MusculoskeletalSyst
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| functions of MS | provides structural framework, attachment for muscles tendons and ligaments, protects bodily cavities, contains yellow and red bone marrow, mineral homeostasis, blood cell production |
| what is bone features composition of bone tissue | specialised connective tissue composed of a heavily mineralised collagen matrix strong, highly vascular and metabolically active water, organic components, inorganic components (calcium phosphate) |
| average adult Skelton has ___ bones | 206 |
| why might no. of bones decreased with age | some become fused |
| bones are divided into ...? | the axial and appendicular skeleton |
| axial skeleton | forms upright axis of the body includes skull, auditory ossicles, hyoid bone, vertebral column, ribcage protects brain, SC and vital organs in the thorax |
| appendicular Skelton | form the limb bones and their attachment with the trunk consists of the bones of the upper limbs, the lower limbs, pelvic and pectoral girdle |
| types of bones | long short flat irregular sesamoid sutural |
| structure of bone: compact | strongest bone tissue, containing few spaces designed to resist stresses produced by weight and movement |
| structure of bone:spongy | within interior of the bone many spaces for red and yellow BM located in areas experiencing less force |
| types of bone cell | osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes |
| skull | protects brain, supports structures controlling vision, hearing, smell and taste divided into the viscerocranium and neurocranium |
| how many bones in the neurocranium | 8 |
| how many bones in the viscerocranium | 14 |
| vertebral column | central supporting axis for the trunk surrounds and encloses spinal cord |
| vertebral column bones | 7 cervical vertebrae 12 thoracic vertebrae 5 lumbar vertebrae sacrum - 5 fused vertebrae coccyx - 3-5 fused vertebrae |
| functions of vertebral column | protect CNS support trunk weight permit degree of movement intervertebral discs are shock absorbers permits passage of spinal nerves rib attachment |
| curvatures of vertebral column | two primary and two secondary curvatures assist in balancing weight of head on the trunk |
| exaggerated curvatures can cause | scoliosis - lateral rotation kyphosis - outward curve of thoracic spine lordosis - inward curve of lumbar spine |
| ribcage components | sternum, 12 pairs of ribs, costal cartilage, 12 thoracic vertebrae |
| ribs in mote depth | 1-7 true ribs 8-12 false ribs 11-12 floating ribs |
| ribcage movements in breathing | inspiration - upward and outward movement of ribs expiration - downward and inward movement of ribs |
| joints could also be called | articulations or arthroses |
| joints are | points of contact between bone-bone bone-cartilage bone-teeth |
| structural classification of joints | fibrous joints cartilaginous joints synovial joints |
| functional classification of joints | synarthrosis amphiarthrosis diarthrosis |
| synovial joints | presence of synovial cavity between the articulating bones articulating surfaces divided by a cavity containing synovial fluid |
| synovial fluid function | provides nutrients for the structures within the joint cavity contains phagocytic cells acts as a lubricant maintains joint stability prevents ends of bones being separated |
| types of synovial joint | hinge joint pivot joint ball and socket joints saddle condyloid (ellipsoid) |
| functions of muscular system | movement stabilise body position facilitate movement of materials generate heat assist in blood flow |
| types of musclar tissue | skeletal smooth cardiac |
Created by:
user-2004250