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Plants
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| photosynthesis | The process by which plants and other autotrophs capture and use light energy to make food from carbon dioxide and water |
| autotroph | An organism that is able to capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food |
| heterotroph | An organism that cannot make its own food and gets food by consuming other living things |
| chlorophyll | A green photosynthetic pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria |
| cellular respiration | The process in which oxygen and glucose undergo a complex serious of chemical reactions inside cells, releasing energy |
| fermentation | The process by which cells release energy by breaking down food molecules without using oxygen |
| cell cycle | The series of events in which a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells |
| interphase | The first stage of the cell cycle that takes place before cell division occurs, during which a cell grows and makes a copy of its DNA |
| replication | The process by which a cell makes a copy of the DNA in its nucleus before cell division |
| chromosome | A threadlike structure within a cell's nucleus that contains DNA that is passed from one generation to the next |
| mitosis | The second stage of the cell cycle during which the cell's nucleus divides into two new nuclei and one set of DNA is distributed into each daughter cell |
| cytokinesis | The final stage of the cell cycle, in which the cell's cytoplasm divides, distributing the organelles into each of the two new daughter cells |
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