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Electricity part 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is electricity? | Electricity is the study of electric charges and their effects. |
| What is electric charge? | Electric charge is a property of matter that causes it to experience a force in an electric field. |
| What are the two types of electric charge? | Positive charge and negative charge. |
| What happens when like charges interact? | Like charges repel each other. |
| What happens when unlike charges interact? | Unlike charges attract each other. |
| What is an electric field? | An electric field is a region in which an electric charge experiences a force. |
| What is electric current? | Electric current is the rate of flow of electric charge. |
| What is the SI unit of electric current? | The ampere (A). |
| What is one ampere? | One ampere is one coulomb of charge flowing per second. |
| What is potential difference? | Potential difference is the work done per unit charge between two points. |
| What is the SI unit of potential difference? | The volt (V). |
| What is electromotive force (emf)? | Emf is the energy supplied per unit charge by a source. |
| What is resistance? | Resistance is the opposition to the flow of electric current. |
| What is the SI unit of resistance? | The ohm (Ω). |
| What factors affect resistance? | Length, cross-sectional area, material, and temperature. |
| What is Ohm’s Law? | At constant temperature, the current through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference across it. |
| What is the mathematical expression of Ohm’s Law? | V |
| What is a conductor? | A conductor is a material that allows electric current to flow easily. |
| What is an insulator? | An insulator is a material that resists the flow of electric current. |
| What is a semiconductor? | A semiconductor has conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator. |
| What is a circuit? | A circuit is a complete closed path through which current flows. |
| What is a series circuit? | A series circuit has components connected in a single path. |
| What happens to current in a series circuit? | The current is the same at all points. |
| What happens to voltage in a series circuit? | The voltage is shared among the components. |
| What is a parallel circuit? | A parallel circuit has components connected in separate branches. |
| What happens to voltage in a parallel circuit? | The voltage is the same across all branches. |
| What happens to current in a parallel circuit? | The current splits between branches. |
| What is electrical power? | Electrical power is the rate at which electrical energy is converted. |
| What is the formula for electrical power? | P |
| What is electrical energy? | Electrical energy is the ability to do work using electricity. |
| What is the formula for electrical energy? | E |
| What is the SI unit of electrical energy? | The joule (J). |
| What is a fuse? | A fuse is a safety device that melts when excessive current flows. |
| What is a circuit breaker? | A circuit breaker automatically breaks a circuit when current is too high. |
| What is earthing? | Earthing is the connection of a metal body to the ground for safety. |
| What is static electricity? | Static electricity is the buildup of electric charge at rest. |
| How can static electricity be produced? | By friction, conduction, or induction. |
| What is magnetism? | Magnetism is the force produced by magnets and magnetic materials. |
| What are magnetic poles? | The north pole and south pole of a magnet. |
| What happens when like magnetic poles interact? | Like poles repel. |
| What happens when unlike magnetic poles interact? | Unlike poles attract. |
| Where is the magnetic force strongest in a magnet? | At the poles. |
| What is a magnetic field? | A magnetic field is a region where magnetic forces act. |
| How are magnetic fields represented? | By magnetic field lines. |
| What is electromagnetism? | Electromagnetism is magnetism produced by electric current. |
| What is an electromagnet? | An electromagnet is a temporary magnet produced by current in a coil. |
| How can the strength of an electromagnet be increased? | By increasing current, number of turns, or using a soft iron core. |
| What is electromagnetic induction? | Electromagnetic induction is the production of emf by a changing magnetic field. |
| What is a generator? | A generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. |
| What is a motor? | A motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. |
| What is the function of a transformer? | A transformer changes the voltage of alternating current. |
| Why are transformers used in power transmission? | To reduce energy loss by reducing current. |
| What is alternating current (AC)? | Alternating current changes direction periodically. |
| What is direct current (DC)? | Direct current flows in one direction only. |
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