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Civics
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Government | the body of persons that constitutes the governing authority of a political unit or organization |
| Solon | an Athenian statesman, know as one of the Seven Wise Men of Greece, and ended exclusive aristocratic control of the government |
| Cliesthenes | a statesman regarded as the founder of Athenian democracy, serving as chief archon of Athens |
| Aristotle | ancient Greek philosopher and scientist, one of the greatest intellectual figures of Classical Antiquity |
| Athenian Democracy | the system of gov. used in Athens, Greece, where male citizens had equal political rights, freedom of speech, and opportunities to participate in the political arena |
| Roman Republic | when the Romans replaced their monarchy with elected magistrates |
| Direct Democracy | forms of direct participation of citizens in democratic decision making |
| Representative Democracy | a political system where citizens vote for the representatives to handle legislation and rule that entity on their behalf |
| Authoritarian | of, relating to, or favoring a concentration of power in a leader or an elite not constitutionally responsible to the people |
| Totalitarianism | form of government. theoretically permitting no individual freedom and seeks to subordinate all aspects of individual life to state authority |
| Monarchy | a gov. with a hereditary chief of state with life tenure and powers varying from nominal to absolute |
| Constitutional Monarchy | a system of gov. where a monarch shares power with a constitutionally organized government |
| Magna Carta | a document constituting a fundamental guarantee of rights and privileges |
| Scientific Revolution | a drastic change in scientific thought with a new view of nature; science became an autonomous discipline |
| Enlightenment | a philosophical movement (1800s) marked by a rejection of traditional social, religious, and political ideas; rationalism |
| Natural Rights | right people supposedly have under natural law |
| Popular Sovereignty | government based on consent of the people |
| Social Contract | an agreement among members of an organized society or between a community and its ruler that defines and limits the rights and duties of each |
| John Locke | an English philosopher whose works are the foundation of modern philosophical empiricism and political liberalism |
| Thomas Hobbes | an English philosopher, scientist, and historian, best known for his political philosophy; government = collective security |
| Jean-Jacques Rousseau | a Swiss-born philosopher, writer, and political theorist whose treaties inspired leaders of the French Revolution |
| English Bill of Rights | an act declaring the rights and liberties of the subject and settling the succession of the Crown |
Created by:
Luka13