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Week 1 Labor

labor and birthing process

QuestionAnswer
What are the four P's of the birthing process Powers, Passage, Passenger, Psyche
What does "Powers" include in the birthing process? Uterine contractions and maternal pushing efforts
What does "Passage" include in the birthing process? Maternal pelvis and its soft tissues
What does "Passenger" include in the birthing process? The fetus plus the placenta and its membranes
What does "Psyche" include in the birthing process? Psychological response to labor and birth
What are the four main pelvic types? Gynecoid pelvis, Android pelvis, Anthropoid pelvis, Platypelloid pelvis
What is Leopold Manuever? Palpating the full-term pregnant patient abdomen to determine the fetal lie, attitude and presentation.
What is the Ferguson reflex Occurs when the cervix is fully dialated and the fetal head is fully engaged. Stretching of the vagina tissue causes and oxytocin surge and a urge to bear down and push
What are the two major cervical changes during labor Effacement (thinning) and Dilation (opening)
What are the hormonal changes during labor Estrogen increases= uterine contractions. Prostaglandins released from fetus prepares uterus for oxytocin stimulation. Oxytocin releases. Cortisol released by fetus.
What are systemic analgesia effects on the mother? Higher plasma concentration of drugs, may slow the progress of labor
What are the systemic analgesic effects on the fetus Decrease heart rate, may also affect the newborn if given too close to delivery.
Effects of opioids analgesics on the mother Respiratory depression
Effects of opioids analgesics on the fetus Respiratory depression, decrease heart rate, inability to breastfeed for infants
Effects of general anesthesia to the mother Aspiration of food or liquids, difficult airway management, uterine relaxation, malignant hyperthermia.
Effects of general anesthesia to the fetus and newborn Bradycardia and loss of fetal heart monitoring, Effects for the newborn include respiratory depression, lethargy, loss of muscle tone, difficulty breast feeding.
What are contraindications of an epidural Coagulation defects, uncorrected hypovolemia, infection, allergy or fetal condition that demands the birth to happen quickly
What are adverse effects of an epidural Maternal hypotension, bladder distention, prolonged second stage of labor, migration of the epidural catheter and fever.
What are contraindications of spinal blocks? Coagulation defects, uncorrected hypovolemia, infection, allergy, or prior spinal surgery
What are adverse effects of spinal blocks? Maternal hypotension, bladder distension and spinal headache
Created by: gutierrezpati
 

 



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