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AP Stat Chapter 7

TermDefinition
parameter a number that describes the whole population
statistic a number that is calculated from a sample, used to estimate a parameter
parameter of sample proportions p
parameter of sample means mu
statistic of sample proportions p hat
statistic of sample means x bar
sampling distribution of sample proportions is approx normal when... large counts condition is true (np ≧ 10, n(1-p) ≧ 10)
sampling distribution of sample means is approx normal when... population distribution is normal OR central limit theorem is true (n ≧ 30)
mean of a sampling distribution of sample proportions η (p hat) =p
standard deviation of a sampling distribution of sample proportions σ (p hat) = √p(1-p)/n
mean of a sampling distribution of sample means η(x bar)=η
standard deviation of a sampling distribution of sample means σ (x bar)=σ / √n
condition needed to use standard deviation formulas (assume independence) 10% condition n ≦ (0.1)(N)
z-score formula for a sampling distribution of sample proportions p hat - p / √p(1-p)/n
z-score formula for a sampling distribution of sample means x bar - η / σ/√n
a higher sample size... doesn't affect mean/bias, reduces standard deviation, variability, and the impact of outliers
if there is bias... state whether it is an overestimate or underestimate of the real answer
unbiased estimator the mean of sampling distribution = mean of the parameter
bias location of the mean overestimates or underestimates the true mean (parameter)
variability too many answers are spread out/far away from the parameter, only involves standard deviation
left skewed p = almost 1, n = small
right skewed p = almost 0, n = small
Created by: ts2819
 

 



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