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Anatomy & Physiology
Anatomy & Phisiology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Anatomy | a branch of science that deals with the structure, form, and organization of body parts |
| Physiology | a branch of science that concerns the function of body parts |
| Cell | the microscopic, basic unit of structure and function |
| Tissue | cells organized into layers or other structure with common functions |
| Organ | formed from interacting groups of tissues, creating complex structures with specializing functions |
| Metabolism | the sum total of chemical reactions in the body to break substances down and build them up |
| Axial | includes he head, neck, and trunk |
| Appendicular | includes upper and lower limbs |
| Cranial Cavity | houses the skull |
| Vertebral Cavity | contains spinal cord within the sections of the backbone |
| Thoracic Cavity | includes the chest |
| Abdominopelvic Cavity | a space between the diaphragm and lower portion of the trunk |
| Viscera | organs within the body cavities, especially the abdomen |
| Diaphragm | composed of skeletal muscle and connective tissue separating the thoracic and abdominal cavities |
| Mediastinum | separates the thoracic cavity into two compartments |
| Abdominal Cavity | includes the stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, kidneys, and most of the small and large intestines |
| Pelvic Cavity | the portion of the abdominopelvic cavity enclosed by the hip bones |
| Oral Cavity | contains the teeth and tongue |
| Nasal Cavity | located within nose and divided into two left and right portions by nasal septum, sinuses connect to this |
| Orbital Cavities | containing the eyes and associated skeletal muscles and nerves |
| Middle Ear Cavities | containing the middle ear bones |
| Parietal | the membrane attached to the wall of a cavity |
| Visceral | the contents of a body cavity |
| Pleural Membranes | serous membranes that enclose the lungs and line the chest wall |
| Pericardial Membranes | a thin, visceral, serous membrane that covers the heart's surface |
| Peritoneal Membranes | lining membranes of the abdominopelvic cavity |
| Anatomical Position | body is standing, face forward, upper limbs at sides and palms forward |
| Superior | a body part is above another part or is closer to the head |
| Inferior | a body part is below another part or is closer toward the feet |
| Anterior (ventral) | means toward the front |
| Posterior (dorsal) | means toward the back |
| Medial | an imaginary midline divides the body into right and left halves; means toward this dividing line |
| Lateral | toward the side with respect to the midline |
| Proximal | a body part that is closer to a point of attachment to the trunk than another body part |
| Distal | a body part is farther from a point of attachment to the trunk than another body part |
| Superficial | means situated near the surface |
| Deep | parts that are more internal than superficial parts |
| Sagittal | a lengthwise plane dividing the body into left and right portions; passes along midline |
| Transverse (horizontal) | a plane dividing the body into superior and inferior portions |
| Coronal (frontal) | a plane dividing the body into anterior or posterior portions |
| Epigastric region | the upper middle portion |
| Left/Right lumbar regions | lie of each side of the umbilical region |
| Hypogastric region | the lower middle portion |
| Left/Right iliac regions | lie on each side of the hypogastric region |
Created by:
Luka13