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Stack #4605110
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| brain | The control center of the nervous system that processes information, directs behavior, and coordinates body functions such as movement, thought, and emotion. |
| spinal cord | A long bundle of nerves that runs from the brain down the spine, carrying messages between the brain and the rest of the body and controlling reflexes. |
| brachial plexus | A network of nerves in the neck and shoulder region that supplies movement and sensation to the shoulder, arm, and hand. |
| ulnar nerve | A nerve that runs from the shoulder to the hand, controlling movement and sensation in the ring and little fingers and part of the forearm. |
| radial nerve | A nerve that controls movement and sensation in the back of the arm, forearm, and hand, especially wrist and finger extension. |
| median nerve | A nerve that runs down the arm and forearm into the hand, controlling thumb movement and sensation in the thumb, index, middle, and part of the ring finger. |
| sciatic nerve | The largest nerve in the body, running from the lower back through the hips and buttocks down each leg, controlling movement and sensation in the lower limb. |
| occipital lobe | The part of the brain responsible for processing visual information. |
| cerebellum | The brain region that coordinates balance, posture, and smooth, precise movements |
| brain stem | The structure connecting the brain to the spinal cord that controls vital functions such as breathing, heart rate, and alertness. |
| frontal lobe | The lobe involved in decision-making, personality, speech production, and voluntary motor control. |
| temporal lobe | The lobe responsible for hearing, language comprehension, memory, and emotion. |
| Wernicke's area | A region of the temporal lobe involved in understanding spoken and written language. |
| broca's area | A region of the frontal lobe responsible for speech production and language expression. |
| sensory cortex | A strip of cortex in the parietal lobe that receives and interprets sensory information from the body. |
| motor cortex | A strip of cortex in the frontal lobe that controls voluntary muscle movements. |
| spinal cord | A long bundle of nerves that carries signals between the brain and the rest of the body and controls reflexes. |
| gyrus | Raised folds of the cerebral cortex that increase the brain’s surface area. |
| sulcus | Grooves or shallow depressions in the brain that separate the gyri. |
| amygdala | A part of the limbic system involved in processing emotions, especially fear, anger, and emotional memories. |
| hypothalamus | A small but vital region that maintains homeostasis by regulating body temperature, hunger, thirst, hormones, and emotional behavior. |
| olfactory bulbs | Structures at the front of the brain that receive and process information related to the sense of smell. |
| limbic system | A group of brain structures involved in emotion, motivation, behavior, and long-term memory. |
| hippocampus | A structure important for learning, memory formation, and spatial navigation. |
| corpus callosum | A thick band of nerve fibers that connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain, allowing communication between them. |
| pineal gland | A small gland that produces melatonin and helps regulate sleep–wake cycles. |
| pituitary gland | The “master gland” of the endocrine system that releases hormones controlling growth, metabolism, reproduction, and other glands. |
| thalamus | A relay center that directs sensory information (except smell) to the appropriate areas of the cerebral cortex. |
| pons | A part of the brain stem that helps regulate breathing, sleep, and communication between different brain regions. |
| Medulla oblongata | The lowest part of the brain stem that controls vital life functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing. |
| midbrain | The upper portion of the brain stem involved in visual and auditory reflexes and motor control. |
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