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Unit 6: Ancient Rome
World History Pre AP Unit 6: Ancient Rome
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Etruscans | a people who inhabited early Italy |
| republic | system of government in which officials are chosen by the people |
| patrician | a member of the land-holding upper class |
| consul | an official from the patrician class who supervised the government and commanded the armies |
| dictator | ruler who has complete control over a government |
| plebeian | a members of the class that included farmers, merchants, artisans, and traders |
| tribune | an official elected by the plebeians to protect their interests |
| veto | block a government action |
| legion | basic unit of the ancient Roman army, made up of about 5,000 soldiers |
| imperialism | the policy of one country's political, economic, or cultural domination over other lands and territories |
| latifundia | huge estates bought up by newly wealthy Roman citizens |
| census | population count |
| inflation | economic cycle that involves a rapid rise in prices linked to a sharp increase in the amount of money available |
| Constantinople | the "city of Constantine," the former Greek city of Byzantium located on the Bosporus strait, rebuilt by Constantine and in 330 made the "New Rome," the capital of the eastern Roman or Byzantine empire |
| mercenaries | soldiers serving in a foreign army for pay |
| Tiberius | (c. 163 B.C.- 133 B.C.) was a Roman plebeian who became a tribune and lobbied for government reform. He was killed in 133 B.C. by gangs hired by Roman senators. |
| Gaius Gracchus | (c. 163 B.C.- 133 B.C.) was a Roman plebeian who became a tribune and lobbied for government reform. He was killed in 133 B.C. by gangs hired by Roman senators. Tiberius's Brother |
| Julius Caesar | (c. 100 B.C. - 44 B.C.) was a Roman general, master of political maneuvers, and a reformist. He advocated for the re-organization of Rome's government. In 47 B.C., he became dictator, and three years later was assassinated. |
| Augustus | (63 B.C. - 14 C.E.) was the first Roman emperor of the newly established Roman empire. Augustus's rule began a long-lasting period of peace and wealth known as the Pax Romana. |
| Hadrian | ( A.D. 76 - A.D. 138) was a Roman Emperor from A.D 117 to A.D 138. Considered one of the "Five Good Emperors," he codified Roman law and traveled extensively, uniting the empire. |
| Diocletian | (A.D. 245 - A.D. 311) was a Roman general who became emperor. To make the government more effective, he divided the large empire into East and West and appointed a co-emperor. |
| Constantine | (c.A.D.280–A.D.337) was the first Roman Emperor to become a Christian. During his reign, he prevented the persecution of Christians and helped to strengthen the early church. |
| Huns | a nomadic people of central asia |
| mosaic | picture made of chips of colored stone or glass |
| engineering | application of science and mathematics to develop structures and machines |
| aqueduct | in ancient Rome, underground or bridge-like stone structure that carried water from the hills into the city |
| Virgil | (70 B.C. - 19 B.C.) was a Roman poet who wrote the Aeneid in 30 B.C.. He studied mathematics and other subjects in Rome and Naples and was inspired by Greek poets |
| Ptolemy | (A.D. 100 - A.D. 170) Roman astronomer, mathematician, & geographer, incorrectly theorized that Earth is the center of the universe. Lived in Alexandria, Egypt, where he studied the planets and stars and developed a system to explain their movements. |
| messiah | savior sent by god |
| apostle | leader or teacher of a new faith or movement |
| martyr | a person who dies or suffers due to their beliefs |
| clergy | the body of people who conduct Christian services |
| bishop | high ranking church official with authority over a local area or diocese |
| patriarch | in the Roman and Byzantine empires, the highest church of a major city |
| pope | head of the Roman Catholic Church. in ancient Rome, bishop who claimed authority over all bishops |
| heresy | religious beliefs that is contrary to the official teachings of a church |
| Christian Bible | the sacred writings of christianity |
| monotheistic | belief in one god |
| Torah | The most sacred text of the Hebrew Bible, includes the first 5 books |
| covenant | A binding agreement, specifically in the Jewish tradition, the binding agreement God make with Abraham |
| patriarchal | relating to a society in which men hold the greatest legal and moral authority |
| Sabbath | a holy day for rest and worship |
| prophet | spiritual leader who interprets gods will |
| ethics | moral standards of behaviors |
| Diaspora | The spreading of the Jews beyond their historical homeland |
Created by:
Anwaar Khan