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APHG U5 Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Aquaculture | opposite of agriculture; the farming/cultivation of aquatic organisms |
| Luxury Crops | non-essential food items like coffee and cocoa grown for money and not necesity |
| Agriculture | farming/cultivation of plants/animals (land) for survival |
| Bid-Rent-Theory | explains how land value determines how a farmer will use the land |
| Commercial Agriculture | agriculture focused on producing goods for the market and others to purchase |
| Crop Rotation | the varying crops from year to year so the soil has restored nutrients |
| Extensive Agriculture | relatively few inputs and low outputs =large farm, low labor and effort |
| Intensive Agriculture | farmers put a lot of effort to produce as much yield as possible =small farm, high labor and effort |
| Market Gardening | a type of farming that produces fruits, vegetables, and flowers- typically serves a specific market or urban area |
| Nomadic Herding | a type of agriculture based on people moving their domesticated animals seasonally for the best grazing |
| Plantation Agriculture | a TYPE of large-scale COMMERCIAL FARMING of ONE particular CROP grown for markets often distant from the plantation |
| Shifting Cultivation | growing crops and or grazing animals until the soil nutrients are depleted, then moving to new land and repeating the practice |
| Slash and Burn Agriculture | existing vegetation is cut down and burned off before new seeds are sown (clearing land) |
| Subsistence Agriculture | a type of farming where people grow crops and raise livestock mainly to feed themselves |
| Transhumance | the movements of herds between seasons |
| Columbian Exchange | the exchange of goods and ideas between the Americas, Europe and Africa that became after Christopher Columbus landed in the Americas |
| Enclosure System | a system in which communal lands were replaced by farms owned by specific individuals instead of a community |
| Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) | plants or animals with specific characteristics obtained thought the manipulation of its genetic makeup |
| Agribusiness | the large-scale system that includes the production, processing, and distribution of agricultural products and equipment |
| Commodity Chain | a network of people, information, processes, and resources that work together to produce, handle, and distribute a commodity or product |
| Tariffs | taxes or duties to be paid on a particular import/export |
| Farm Subsidies | a form of aid and insurance given by the federal government to certain farmers and agribusinesses |
| Cash Crop | a crop produced mainly to be sold and usually exported to larger markets |
| Fair Trade | a movement that tries to provide farmers and workers in peripheral and semi-peripheral countries with a fair price for their products by providing more equitable trading conditions |
| Terracing | the process of carving parts of a hill or mountain side into small, level growing plots |
| Deforestation | loss of forest lands |
| Aquifer | layers of sand, gravel, and rocks that contain and can release a usable amount of water |
| Desertification | a form of land degradation that occurs when soil deteriorates to a desert-like condition |
| Food Desert | area where residents lack access to healthy, nutritious food because stores selling these foods are too far away |
| Food Security | reliable access to safe and nutritious food that can support active and healthy lifestyles |
Created by:
lillianfergusonwag