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EM2 8.2.Vocab
EM2 8th Grade Mod 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Alternate Exterior Angles | pairs of angles on the outside of two lines but on opposite sides of the transversal line that intersects them |
| Alternate Interior Angles | pairs of angles on opposite sides of a transversal line, located between the two lines it intersects, and are always congruent if the two lines are parallel |
| Congruent | two figures or objects are exactly the same in size and shape, allowing for movement like sliding, flipping, or rotating, such that they perfectly overlap |
| Converse | a conditional "If P, then Q" statement is formed by swapping the hypothesis (P) and conclusion (Q) to get "If Q, then P" |
| Corresponding Angles | pairs of angles in matching positions at each intersection where a transversal line crosses two other lines |
| Exterior Angles of a Triangle | formed by one side and the extension of an adjacent side, creating an angle outside the triangle, and its measure is equal to the sum of the two non-adjacent (remote) interior angles |
| Interior Angle of a Polygon | any angle formed inside the polygon at one of its vertices (corners) by two adjacent sides, representing the space within the closed shape, measured in degrees or radians |
| Proof | a rigorous, step-by-step logical argument establishing certainty beyond reasonable doubt |
| Reflection | a geometric transformation that flips a figure across a line to create a congruent, mirror-image copy |
| Remote Interior Angles of a Triangle | the two angles inside the triangle that are not adjacent a specific exterior angle |
| Rigid Motion | a transformation that moves a shape without changing its size or shape, preserving distances and angles |
| Rotation | a type of rigid transformation that turns a figure around a fixed point, by a specific degree and preserving distances and shape |
| Same-Side Interior Angles | pairs of angles located between two lines and on the same side of a transversal line that intersects them |
| Translation | a rigid geometric transformation that slides a figure or shape in a specific direction (horizontally, vertically, or diagonally) by a fixed distance, without changing its size, shape, orientation, or angle measures, resulting in a congruent "image" |
| Transversal | a line that intersects two or more other lines (often parallel) at distinct points |
| Vector | a quantity with both magnitude (size/length) and direction, often represented visually as an arrow from a starting point (tail) to an ending point (head) |
| Angles at a Point | multiple angles whose vertices all meet at a single common point, forming a complete circle or a full rotation, meaning their measures always add up to 360° |
| Collinear | three or more points that lie on the same single straight line |
| Linear Pair | two adjacent angles that share a common vertex and side, and whose non-common sides form a straight line |
| Parallel Lines | two straight lines in the same plane that are always the same distance apart and never intersect, no matter how far they are extended |
| Pythagorean Theorem | a² + b² = c² |
| Supplementary Angles | two angles whose measures add up to exactly 180° |
| Vertical Angles | pairs of angles directly opposite each other, formed by the intersection of two straight lines, sharing only a common vertex but no common sides, and are always congruent |
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