The molecule that stores useable energy for all cell processes.

Where photosynthesis happens in a cell.

The green pigment molecules in chloroplasts that absorb light energy.

C6H12O6. The simplest sugar molecule. Plants use this to build many other sugars, wood, and cell walls.

Carbon dioxide. The clear gas that plants use to build glucose. It is less than 1% of the atmosphere.

Where cellular respiration happens in a cell

How mitochondria break down glucose molecules using enzymes and oxygen to release ATP energy.

How plants, algae, and some bacteria store energy from the sun in glucose molecules using carbon dioxide and water.

Energy for 5-90 seconds of exercise

Glucose stored in muscle cells gets broken down quickly and forms lactic acid and ATP.

Energy for 90 seconds - 20 minutes of exercise

Glucose stored in the liver gets broken down slowly by cellular respiration.

Energy for over 20 minutes of exercise

Fat gets broken down slowly by cellular respiration.

How nitrogen atoms move from the air to soil to plants and animals.

Nitrogen gas. Makes up 78% of the atmosphere.

How bacteria in the soil can convert nitrogen gas into ammonia.

How bacteria in the soil convert ammonia into nitrate ions

The chemical forms of nitrogen that plants are able to absorb best.

How animals get nitrogen

By eating plants and other animals and using the nitrogen in them.

How bacteria in the soil convert plant and animal nitrogen compounds back into ammonia.

Substances in plants and animals that contain nitrogen

DNA and proteins. Many specific examples of proteins include muscle, hair, skin, digestive enzymes, and membrane channels.

How bacteria in the soil convert ammonia and nitrate back into nitrogen gas.

Where does denitrification happen most?

In soils that are water logged and don't have much oxygen.

Why too much fertilizer is bad.

When rain washes it into rivers and lakes it causes algae and pond scum to multiply rapidly. This kills many other organisms in the water because it blocks their light and uses their oxygen.

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Cycles Review

Cycles: Photosynthesis, Cell Respiration, Carbon, Nitrogen

Term	Definition
Equation for photosynthesis	6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
Equation for cellular respiratoin	C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O
ATP	The molecule that stores useable energy for all cell processes.
Chloroplast	Where photosynthesis happens in a cell.
Chlorophyll	The green pigment molecules in chloroplasts that absorb light energy.
Glucose	C6H12O6. The simplest sugar molecule. Plants use this to build many other sugars, wood, and cell walls.
CO2	Carbon dioxide. The clear gas that plants use to build glucose. It is less than 1% of the atmosphere.
Mitochondria	Where cellular respiration happens in a cell
Cellular respiration	How mitochondria break down glucose molecules using enzymes and oxygen to release ATP energy.
Photosynthesis	How plants, algae, and some bacteria store energy from the sun in glucose molecules using carbon dioxide and water.
Energy for 0-5 seconds of exercise	ATP stored in muscle cells.
Energy for 5-90 seconds of exercise	Glucose stored in muscle cells gets broken down quickly and forms lactic acid and ATP.
Energy for 90 seconds - 20 minutes of exercise	Glucose stored in the liver gets broken down slowly by cellular respiration.
Energy for over 20 minutes of exercise	Fat gets broken down slowly by cellular respiration.
Nitrogen cycle	How nitrogen atoms move from the air to soil to plants and animals.
N2	Nitrogen gas. Makes up 78% of the atmosphere.
Nitrogen fixation	How bacteria in the soil can convert nitrogen gas into ammonia.
Nitrification	How bacteria in the soil convert ammonia into nitrate ions
Ammonia and Nitrate	The chemical forms of nitrogen that plants are able to absorb best.
How animals get nitrogen	By eating plants and other animals and using the nitrogen in them.
Ammonification	How bacteria in the soil convert plant and animal nitrogen compounds back into ammonia.
Substances in plants and animals that contain nitrogen	DNA and proteins. Many specific examples of proteins include muscle, hair, skin, digestive enzymes, and membrane channels.
Denitrification	How bacteria in the soil convert ammonia and nitrate back into nitrogen gas.
Where does denitrification happen most?	In soils that are water logged and don't have much oxygen.
Why too much fertilizer is bad.	When rain washes it into rivers and lakes it causes algae and pond scum to multiply rapidly. This kills many other organisms in the water because it blocks their light and uses their oxygen.

Created by: buchwalder

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