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Parts of the Brain
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Central Nervous System | Brain and spinal cord |
| Brain | Control center of the body |
| Spinal Cord | Signals between brain and body |
| Peripheral Nervous System | Nerves outside the CNS |
| Brachial plexus | Arm nerve network |
| Ulnar nerve | Inner arm and hand nerve |
| Radial nerve | Arm and hand extension nerve |
| Median nerve | Hand sensation and movement |
| Sciatic nerve | Largest leg nerve |
| Occipital Lobe | Vision processing |
| Cerebellum | Balance and coordination |
| Brain Stem | Basic life functions |
| Frontal Lobe | Reasoning and decision making |
| Temporal Lobe | Hearing and memory |
| Parietal Lobe | Touch and spatial awareness |
| Wernicke’s Area | Language comprehension |
| Broca’s Area | Speech production |
| Sensory Cortex | Processes sensory input |
| Motor Cortex | Controls voluntary movement |
| Gyrus / Gyri | Brain ridges |
| Sulcus / Sulci | Brain grooves |
| Amygdala | Emotions and fear |
| Hypothalamus | Homeostasis (body regulation) and hormones |
| Olfactory Bulbs | Sense of smell |
| Limbic System | Emotion of memory system |
| Hippocampus | Memory formation |
| Corpus Callosum | Connects brain hemispheres |
| Pineal Gland | Melatonin secretion |
| Pituitary Gland | Master endocrine gland |
| Thalamus | Sensory relay center |
| Pons | Sleep and breathing control |
| Medulla Oblongata | Heart rate and breathing |
| Midbrain | Movement and visual reflexes |