click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Proteome
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define the proteome | The entire set of proteins that is expressed by a genome. |
| Which is larger the proteome or genome | proteome |
| State the process that causes the proteome to be larger than the genome. | alternative RNA splicing |
| State a function of non coding RNA genes | To regulate transcription |
| State one factor that may affect the proteome being expressed | 1. disease 2. age 3. cellular stress 4. response to signalling molecules 5. metabolic activity |
| Function of rough ER | to transport proteins after synthesis by cytosolic ribosomes |
| Function of smooth ER | TO synthesise lipid |
| Function of golgi apparatus | Post translational modifications |
| What is a signal sequence | amino acids sequence that determines final location of protein in cell |
| Describe the function of a signal sequence on a protein | Halts translation and causes cytosolic ribosomes to dock with ER forming RER |
| What is added to ER to form RER | cytosolic ribosomes dock with ER |
| Put in order, RER, vesicle, plasma membrane, cytosolic ribosomes, cell membrane | cytosolic ribosome, RER, vesicle, golgi apparatus, vesicle, plasma membrane |
| State the protein structure that moves vesicles between RER and golgi and golgi and plasma membrane | microtubules |
| State why only eukaryoates have a system of intermal membrane compartments | have a lower surface area to volume ratio |
| Which structure is a network of membrane tubules continuous with the nuclear membrane. | ER |
| Which structure is a series of flattened membrane discs | golgi apparatus |
| Name the membrane-bound organelles containing a variety of hydrolases | lysosomes |
| Name a substance broken down by a hydrolase | protein, nucleic acid, lipid, carbohydrate |
| State a post translational modification | Adds carbohydrate or phosphate to protein |
| Another type of post translational modification is proteolytic cleave. Define this | Proteolytic cleavage involves turning inactive precursors into active proteins |
| Secretory proteins include | digestive enzymes or peptide hormones |
| One example of proteolytic cleavage is trypsinogen to the active | trypsin |
| Is trypsinogen or trypsin the active enzyme | trypsin |