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The Brain

TermDefinition
Central Nervous System (CNS), body's main processing center, includes the brain and spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS), branches of nerves and signals, connects CNS to body
Brachial Plexus Network of nerves supplying the arm and hand.
Ulnar Nerve Controls sensation and movement in the ring and pinky fingers.
Radial Nerve Controls arm and wrist extension.
Median Nerve Controls thumb movement and sensation.
Sciatic Nerve Largest nerve; supplies the leg and foot.
Occipital Lobe External Brain, Processes visual information.
Cerebellum External Brain, Coordinates balance and movement.
Brain Stem External Brain, Controls basic life functions (breathing, heart rate).
Frontal Lobe External Brain, Decision-making, personality, voluntary movement.
Temporal Lobe External Brain, Hearing and memory.
Parietal Lobe External Brain, Processes touch and body position.
Wernicke’s Area External Brain, Language comprehension.
Broca’s Area External Brain, Speech production.
Sensory Cortex External Brain, Receives sensory input (touch, pain).
Motor Cortex External Brain, Controls voluntary muscle movement.
Spinal Cord External Brain,
Gyrus/Gyri External Brain, Ridges of the brain.
Sulcus/Sulci External Brain, Grooves between gyri.
Amygdala Internal Brain, Emotion processing (fear, anger).
Hypothalamus Internal Brain, Regulates hunger, thirst, temperature.
Olfactory Bulbs Internal Brain, Sense of smell.
Limbic System Internal Brain, Emotions and memory system.
Hippocampus Internal Brain, Memory formation.
Corpus Callosum Internal Brain, Connects left and right hemispheres.
Pineal Gland Internal Brain, Regulates sleep cycles (melatonin).
Pituitary Gland Internal Brain, Master hormone gland.
Thalamus Internal Brain, Sensory relay station.
Pons Internal Brain, Helps regulate breathing and sleep.
Medulla Oblongata Internal Brain, Controls vital functions (heart rate, breathing).
Midbrain Internal Brain, Controls eye movement and reflexes.
Spinal Cord Pathway for signals between brain and body.
Created by: user-1970091
 

 



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