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Unit 5 Chapter 12

QuestionAnswer
Neolithic Revolution The switch from nomadic lifestyles to a settled agricultural lifestyle is this revolution.
Second Agricultural Revolution TOOLS and equipment were MODIFIED, METHODS of soil preparation, fertilization, crop care, and harvesting improved the general organization of agriculture made more EFFICIENT
Green Revolution Agricultural revolution that INCREASED PRODUCTION through IMPROVED SEEDS, fertilizers, and irrigation; helped to support rising Asian populations.
Herbicide a SUBSTANCE for KILLING PLANTS, especially weeds
pesticide A CHEMICAL intended to KILL INSECTS and other organisms that damage crops.
commercial farming growing LARGE QUANTITIES of crops or livestock in order to SELL them for a profit
Columbian Exchange The EXCHANGE of goods and ideas between NATIVE Americans and EUROPEANS
animal domestication genetic modification/ ADAPTATION of an animal such that it is rendered more amenable to human control (USED BY HUMANS TAKES A LONG TIME THROUGH MANY GENS BREEDING)
plant domestication deliberately planted and TENDED by HUMANS that is genetically DISTINCT from its wild ANCESTORS as a result of SELECTIVE BREEDING.
selective breeding The process of selecting a few organisms with desired traits to serve as parents of the next generation
Enclosure Laws the process which was used to end some traditional rights, such as mowing meadows for hay, or grazing livestock on land which is owned by another person
genetically modified organisms crops that carry new traits that have been INSTERTED through PRECISE advanced GENETIC ENGINEERING METHODS
high-yield seeds seeds that have been engineered to be STRONGER and more PRODUCTIVE. They will produce more crops per seed, need less water, and can survive in warmer climates
Mechanization In agriculture, the REPLACEMENT of HUMAN LABOR with TECHNOLOGY or machines.
Mesopotamia An area of rich farmland in Southwest Asia where wheat, oat, rye, barley, olives originated.
Mesoamerica "Middle America" the region extending from modern-day Mexico through Central America where squash, peppers, maize, and potatoes originated.
Sub-Saharan Africa Africa south of the Sahara where yams, coffee, and sorghum originated.
East Asia North Central Asia region where rice and soybeans originated.
Southeast Asia Where mango, bananas and coconut originated.
crop rotation The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year, to avoid exhausting the soil.
Mediterranean agriculture An agricultural system practiced in the Mediterranean style climates where specialty crops such as grapes, avocados, olives, and a host of nuts, fruits, and vegetables comprise profitable agricultural operations.
Commercial Gardening The intensive production of non tropical fruits, vegetables, and flowers for sale off the farm.
Created by: 100052058
 

 



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