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Evolution

Biology Project

TermDefinition
Evolution the process where living organisms change over generations through modifications in their heritable traits
Adaption making something better suited to its environment
Speciation the formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution
Mutation the changing of the structure of a gene
Phylogeny the evolutionary history and relationships among groups of organisms
Embryology the branch that studies the formation, growth, and development of embryos from fertilization to birth or hatching
Homology structural, genetic, or developmental similarity between different species that originates from a shared evolutionary ancestor
Phenotype an organism's complete set of observable characteristics, including its physical appearance
Genotype an organism's complete set of inherited genetic material
Allele different version or variant of the same gene
Natural Selection the key part of evolution where organisms better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce
Vestigial Structure behavior that has lost most or all of its original function in a species over time
Fossil any preserved evidence of past life
Artificial Selection the process where humans intentionally choose organisms with desirable traits
Biogeography the study of geographic distribution of a species
Convergent Evolution the independent evolution of similar traits or features in distantly related organisms
Divergent Evolution when related species or populations evolve in different directions from a common ancestor
Cladogram a branching diagram showing the evolutionary relationships and common ancestry between groups of organisms
Taxonomy the science of naming, describing, and classifying living organisms into a hierarchical system
Analogous Structures body parts in different species that have similar functions
Created by: Lily222
 

 



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