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earth systems
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| mineral | A natural,usually inorganic solid that has a characteristic chemical composition and an orderly internal structure |
| element | A substance that can not be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means;all atoms of an element has the same atomic number |
| atom | the smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of an element. |
| compound | A substance mad up of atoms or ions of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds |
| matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| crystal | natural solid substance that has a definite geometric shape |
| streak | the color of a mineral In a powder form |
| luster | the way a mineral reflects light |
| cleavage | in geology the tendency of a mineral to split along specific planes of weaknesses to form smooth flat surfaces |
| weathering | the natural process by which atmospheric and environmental agents such as rain wind temp changes disintegrate and decompose rocks |
| eroision | the process by which wind water ice and gravity transports soil and sediment from one place to another |
| deposition | the process in which material is laid down (earth science) the change of state from gas directly to a solid state |
| igneous rock | rocks that form when magma cools and solidifies |
| sedimentary rock | A rock that forms from compressed or cemented layers of sediment |
| metamorphic rock | a rock that forms from other rocks as a result of high temp and pressure or chemical process |
| rock cycle | the series in processes in which rocks form changes from one type to another,is destroyed and formed again through geological processes |
| uplift | the rising of regions of the Earth's crust to higher elavasion |
| subsidence | the sinking of regions of Earth's crust to lower elavation. |
| rift zone | an area with deep cracks that form between two tectonic plates that are pulling away from each other |
| crust | the thin and solid outermost layer of earth above the mantle |
| mantle | the layer of rock between the earth crust and core. |
| convection | the movement of matter due to different densities.the transfer of energy due to the movement of matter |
| core | the central part of earth below the mantle. |
| lithosphere | the solid outermost layer of earth that consist of the crust and outermost rigid layer of the mantle |
| asthenospher | the soft layer of the mantle where the tectonic plates move |
| mesosphere | the strong lower part of mantle between the mantle and outer core |