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Stack #4603250
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Brain | command center of the nervous system |
| Spinal Cord | a crucial bundle of nerve tissue, protected by vertebrae, that acts as the main pathway for signals between the brain and the rest of the body |
| Brachial plexus | A network of nerves from the neck that controls movement and feeling in the shoulder, arm, forearm, and hand. |
| Ulnar nerve | a major nerve from your neck to your hand, controlling hand muscles for grip and fine movement |
| Radial nerve | a major nerve in the arm, originating from the brachial plexus, that controls movement and sensation in the back of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand |
| Median nerve | A main upper-limb nerve from the brachial plexus that controls forearm and hand movement and provides feeling to the thumb, index, middle, and part of the ring finger |
| Sciatic nerve | the body's longest and thickest nerve, running from your lower back, through your hips and buttocks, and down the back of each leg to your foot, controlling muscles and sensation. |
| Occipital Lobe | the brain's visual processing center, located at the very back of the head, responsible for interpreting color, form, and motion from visual signals |
| Cerebellum | located at the back of the head, crucial for coordinating voluntary movements, balance, posture, and motor learning |
| Brain Stem | the vital, stalk-like structure connecting the cerebrum and cerebellum to the spinal cord |
| Frontal Lobe | the largest part of the brain, responsible for higher-level functions like personality, decision-making, planning, problem-solving, voluntary movement, speech production (Broca's area), social behavior, and emotional regulation |
| Temporal Lobe | a major brain region located near the temples, crucial for processing auditory information, understanding language, |
| Parietal Lobe | a major brain region at the top-back of the head, crucial for processing sensory input like touch, temperature, pain, and pressure |
| Wernicke’s Area | a crucial brain region, typically in the dominant hemisphere's temporal lobe, essential for language comprehension, processing both spoken and written words by linking sounds to meanings |
| Broca’s Area | broca's area is a crucial region in the brain's left frontal lobe, named after Paul Broca, primarily responsible for speech production, articulation, and language formulation. |
| Sensory Cortex | a brain region that processes sensory input (touch, sight, sound, taste, smell) from the body and environment, |
| Motor Cortex | controls voluntary movement by planning and sending signals to muscle |
| Gyrus/Gyri | a ridge or fold on the surface of the cerebral cortex, the brain's outer layer |
| Sulcus/Sulci | groove, furrow, or depression on the surface of the cerebral cortex, forming the characteristic folded appearance (gyri) that increases the brain's surface area for neurons |
| Amygdala | a small, almond-shaped structure deep in the brain's temporal lobe, crucial for processing emotions, especially fear, anger, and pleasure, and central to triggering the "fight or flight" |
| Hypothalamus | a region of the forebrain below the thalamus which coordinates both the autonomic nervous system and the activity of the pituitary, controlling body temperature, thirst, hunger, and other homeostatic systems, and involved in sleep and emotional activity. |
| Olfactory Bulbs | paired neural structures at the bottom front of the brain, essential for the sense of smell |
| Limbic System | a complex system of nerves and networks in the brain, involving several areas near the edge of the cortex concerned with instinct and mood. It controls the basic emotions (fear, pleasure, anger) and drives (hunger, sex, dominance, care of offspring). |
| Hippocampus | a crucial brain structure, shaped like a seahorse (from the Greek hippokampus), vital for forming new memories (especially long-term and spatial ones) and learning, located deep within the temporal lobe as part of the limbic system |
| Corpus Callosum | a large, C-shaped bundle of nerve fibers (white matter) in the center of the brain that connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres, |
| Pineal Gland | a pea-sized conical mass of tissue behind the third ventricle of the brain, secreting a hormone-like substance in some mammals |
| Pituitary Gland | the major endocrine gland. A pea-sized body attached to the base of the brain, the pituitary is important in controlling growth and development and the functioning of the other endocrine glands. |
| Thalamus | a crucial, egg-shaped brain structure located deep in the center of each cerebral hemisphere, acting as the brain's main sensory relay station |
| Pons | a crucial part of the brainstem, acting as a bridge (Latin for "bridge") connecting the cerebrum, cerebellum, and spinal cord, relaying vital sensory and motor signals for functions |
| Medulla Oblongata | the lower part of the brainstem, connecting the brain to the spinal cord and controlling vital involuntary functions like breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, swallowing, sneezing, and coughing |
| Midbrain | a small but crucial part of the brainstem, acting as a bridge between the forebrain and hindbrain |
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