Abiotic means "not living," describing the non-living things in nature that living things (like plants and animals) need to survive, such as water, sunlight, air, soil, and temperature.

Biotic means anything in nature that is alive or was once alive, like animals, plants, fungi, and even tiny germs.

"Unicellular" means a living thing made of just one single cell, like bacteria, amoebas, or yeast.

Multicellular means being made of many cells, like humans, animals, and plants, instead of just one cell.

An autotroph is a living thing, like a plant or algae, that's like a tiny chef that makes its own food from simple stuff like sunlight, water, and air (carbon dioxide), instead of eating other things.

A heterotroph is simply a living thing (like you, a dog, or a fish) that can't make its own food and has to eat other living things (plants or animals) to get energy and grow.

A prokaryote is a tiny, single-celled living thing, like bacteria, that's super simple because its cell doesn't have a nucleus (the "brain" center).

A eukaryote is any living thing made of complex cells that have a nucleus—a specialized "control center" that holds the organism's DNA. If you are a human, a dog, a tree, or even a mushroom, you are a eukaryote

Organisms produce more offspring than can survive.

There is variation among the offspring (individuals are not identical).

Competition (Struggle for Existence)

Because there are more offspring than resources (food, space, etc.), there is competition to survive.

Survival of the Fittest (Differential Reproduction)

Individuals with traits best suited to the environment will survive and reproduce, passing those successful traits to the next generation.

Law of Conservation of Energy

Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be transformed from one form to another.

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Science Review

Term	Definition
Abiotic Factor	Abiotic means "not living," describing the non-living things in nature that living things (like plants and animals) need to survive, such as water, sunlight, air, soil, and temperature.
Biotic Factor	Biotic means anything in nature that is alive or was once alive, like animals, plants, fungi, and even tiny germs.
Unicellular	"Unicellular" means a living thing made of just one single cell, like bacteria, amoebas, or yeast.
Multicellular	Multicellular means being made of many cells, like humans, animals, and plants, instead of just one cell.
Autotroph	An autotroph is a living thing, like a plant or algae, that's like a tiny chef that makes its own food from simple stuff like sunlight, water, and air (carbon dioxide), instead of eating other things.
Heterotroph	A heterotroph is simply a living thing (like you, a dog, or a fish) that can't make its own food and has to eat other living things (plants or animals) to get energy and grow.
Prokaryote	A prokaryote is a tiny, single-celled living thing, like bacteria, that's super simple because its cell doesn't have a nucleus (the "brain" center).
Eukaryote	A eukaryote is any living thing made of complex cells that have a nucleus—a specialized "control center" that holds the organism's DNA. If you are a human, a dog, a tree, or even a mushroom, you are a eukaryote
Overproduction	Organisms produce more offspring than can survive.
Variation	There is variation among the offspring (individuals are not identical).
Competition (Struggle for Existence)	Because there are more offspring than resources (food, space, etc.), there is competition to survive.
Survival of the Fittest (Differential Reproduction)	Individuals with traits best suited to the environment will survive and reproduce, passing those successful traits to the next generation.
Law of Conservation of Energy	Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be transformed from one form to another.
Energy Transformation
Energy Transfer

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