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Phlebotomy 12-15
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What pH value indicates alkalosis? | Above 7.45 |
| What pH value indicates acidosis? | Below &.35 |
| What artery is most commonly used for arterial blood gas collection? | Radial Artery |
| What is the normal pH of blood? | 7.35 - 7.45 |
| What parameter is a measure of the percent of oxygen bound to hemoglobin? | Oxygen Stat |
| What blood parameter measures the amount of oxygen in the blood? | Pulse Oximeter |
| What blood parameter is a measure of carbon dioxide levels in the blood? | Total CO2 |
| Which blood parameter measures the acidity or alkalinity of the blood? | pH |
| What artery has the best collateral circulation? | Radial, Coronary |
| Where is the radial artery located? | Down the lateral (thumb) side of your forearm |
| What anticoagulant is used for arterial blood gas collection? | Heparin |
| What test measures the level of bicarbonate blood? | CO2 blood test |
| Where is the tourniquet placed for arterial blood gas collection? | 3-4 inches |
| A blood gas specimen that is not iced must be transported to the laboratory with what time frame? | 5 - 10 min |
| What test is commonly used to assess the collateral circulation of the radial artery? | The Allen Test (MAT) |
| What arterial sampling errors lowers pH value? | Venous sampling |
| What possible complication of the arterial puncture can close the artery, thereby preventing oxygen from reaching? | Arteriospasm |
| What is the approximate blood volume of an average 150 pound adult? | 5 Liters |
| What is the maximum amount of a child's blood volume that may be removed over a 1 month period? | 10% |
| Removal of greater than what percentage of a childs blood volume can cause cardiac arrest? | 10% |
| Infants should not have greater than what percentage of their blood volume removed in a 24 - hour period? | 5% |
| What special precaution must be taken with neonatal bilirubin samples? | The specimen should be protected from light |
| What is the most commonly used anesthetic cream for venipuncture in pediatric patients? | EMLA (Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthetics) |
| Adhesive bandages are not used on children younger than what age due to the danger of choking? | 2 years |
| What is the primary reason that blood collection for a child should be kept as calm and comfortable as possible? | Prolonged crying can affect white blood cell counts and pH levels |
| What is the appropriate way to collect blood from a child? | Dorsal hand vein |
| Define Jaundice | Yellowing of eyes and skin |
| What organ processes bilirubin to keep its level from becoming too high in the blood? | Liver |
| Bilirubin is produced from the breakdown of what? | Red Blood cells |
| How is identification of a newborn established before collecting a specimen? | By checking the infant's ID band |
| How are neonatal screening sampling usually collected? | By dermal puncture absorbed onto filter paper |
| U.S. law requires states to test for a minimum of two inherited conditions. What are the two conditions? | Hypothyroidism and PKU (Phenylketonuria) |
| What effect does hemolysis of the specimen have on bilirubin tests? | It decreases the bilirubin level |
| Why must neonatal PUK testing be performed by heel stick rather than a venipuncture? | Phenylalanine levels are different between veins and capillaries |
| Define Hyperglycemia | High blood sugar |
| Time specimens are most likely to be requested for what? | Digoxin |
| If a venipuncture is required on a child younger than 2, what is the preferred site for a phlebotomist using a butterfly needle to collect the sample? | Dorsal hand vein |
| After 12 hours of fasting and abstention from strenuous exercise, the body is said to be in what state? | Basal |
| A test requisition lists the glucose specimen to be collected as a 2 hour postprandial. When should it be collected? | 2 hours after the patient eats |
| What is the test that is used to diagnose hyperglycemia? | 5 hour GTT |
| When does the timing of an oral glucose tolerance test begin? | Immediately after drinking the entire glucose beverage |
| What test is used to diagnose gestational diabetes? | Glucose tolerance test |
| What is 2:30 in military time? | 14:30 |
| What specimen sample is used to check the success of vasectomy procedures? | Semen |
| Which organ of the body creates urine? | Kidneys |
| Q&P requires a sample of what? | Feces |
| During an oral GTT what is the patient allowed to consume? | Water |
| What type of fecal testing is used to detect the amoeba Giardia? | Q&P |
| What is an acceptable specimen for semen analysis? | Sample collected in a sterile container at home and immediately transported to the lab |
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