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Thermal energy TEST
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is heat? | The transfer of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler object. |
| What is temperature? | The average kinetic energy of particles in an object. |
| What is the name of the tool that can be used to measure temperature? | Thermometer. |
| Which phase has the most kinetic energy of its particles? | Gas. |
| As more heat is added, what happens to the kinetic energy of the particles? | It gains more kinetic energy. |
| What happens to the state of liquid water if enough heat is added? | It will boil and become gas. |
| What is thermal energy? | The total average kinetic and potential energy of all particles in an object |
| What has more thermal energy - a swimming pool or a hot cup of coffee? Explain your answer. | A swimming pool because it is larger and the factors that determine thermal energy are size, temperature, and particle arrangement. |
| In which direction does heat flow? Give an example. | Hot to cold ex. if boiling water is placed next to ice the hot water will go to the ice and melt the ice until they are the same temperature. |
| Freezing particle movement | particles slow and form a solid. |
| Melting particle movement | particles speed up and break fixed positions. |
| Boiling particle movement | particles speed up throughout the liquid and form gas bubbles. |
| Evaporation particle movement | only the fastest surface particles escape to gas. |
| Condinsation particle movement | gas particles lose energy and slow, forming liquid. |
| What is an insulator? Give 2 examples. | Material that slows heat transfer. Jacket and wood. |
| What is a conductor? Give an example. | A material that lets heat pass through easily. Copper pot and steel. |
| Convection | Heat transfer in fluids (liquids/gases) by moving currents. Example: boiling water circulation. |
| Conduction | Heat transfer through direct contact between materials. Example: spoon heating in hot soup. |
| Radiation | Transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves, no contact needed. Example: sunlight warming your skin. |
| The same amount of heat is added to a small aluminum pot and a large cast iron pan. The aluminum pot cools off more quickly. Why? | The aluminum pot cools off more quickly because it is smaller and has less thermal energy. |
| What is thermal energy defined as? | The total average kinetic and potential energy of all particles in an object |
| Which factors determine the amount of thermal energy | Size, temperature, and particle arrangement |
| Heat is best described as: | The transfer of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler object |
| What does the Kinetic Theory of Matter suggest about particle movement? | The faster particles move, the more kinetic energy they have |
| What happens to most objects when they are heated? | They expand |
| Temperature is a measure of: | The average kinetic energy of particles in an object |
| What is the lowest possible temperature? | Absolute zero |
| When you rub your hands together quickly, what causes them to feel warm? | Friction creating thermal energy |
| Which temperature scales is mentioned in our notes? | Kelvin / Fahrenheit / Celcius |
| What happens to particles when a substance is heated? | They spread out |
| How does thermal energy relate to an object's size? | Thermal energy depends on the object's size |
| What does kinetic energy represent? | The energy of motion |
| In the heat transfer process, energy moves: | From warmer to cooler objects |
| What happens to particles when an object gains thermal energy? | They move faster |
| When 100 grams of copper at 100ºC is placed into 100 grams of water at 0ºC, the heat will flow from the copper to the water. The direction of the heat energy transfer is determined by the | temperature of the copper and the water |
| Heat will always flow from object A to object B if object B has a lower | temperature |
| Why is temperature considered an average? | All the particles are moving at a different rate. |
| Why do substances spread out when heated? | They gain energy |
| What is unique about water's expansion and cooling compared to other substances? | Water expands when heated and cooled. |
Created by:
30patels