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1.6
| Magna Carta | Required king to respect certain rights such as right to jury trial before noble could be sentenced to prison |
| English parliament | The legislative body of England Formed in 1265 has two branches house of lords and house of commers |
| Manors | Another word for estates |
| Manorial system | Provided economic self sufficiency and defense |
| Three field system | One field was planted with wheat or crops that provided food second field had hale Gumesans the third land was left empty |
| Feudalism | A political organization based on exchanges of land for loyalty |
| Serfs | Peasants but not slaves were tied to the land and could not travel without permission from their lord. |
| Primogeniture | The eldest son in the family inherited the entire estate |
| Bourgeoisie/burghers | Included shopkeepers merchants crafts people and small land helpers |
| Estates general | Body that advised the king including representatives from each class in France |
| Estates | The three legal classes in France the clergy, nobility and the commers |
| Otto 1 | German king crowned Holy roman Emperor in 962 |
| Crusaders | A series of European military campaigns in the middle east |
| Marco Polo | Italian Native From Venice |
| Renaissance | Period characterized by a revival of interest in classical Greek |
| Humanism | The focus on individuals rather than god |
| Lay investiture controversy | Dispute on whether a secular leader rather than the pope could invest in bishops with the symbols of office |
| Great schism | Christian church in Europe that spilt into two branches the east and west 1054 |
| Antisemitism | Anti Jewish sentiment and hate of the jews |
| Little Ice age | Five century cooling of the climate |