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243 ch 8 vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| adenosine triphosphate (ATP) | compound used by cells to store and release energy |
| autotroph | Organism that is able to capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a producer |
| ATP synthase | cluster of proteins that span the cell membrane and allow hydrogen ions ( H+ ) to pass through it |
| Calvin cycle | light independent reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar |
| chlorophyll | principal pigment of plants and other photo synthetic organisms |
| electron transport chain | series of electron carrier proteins that shuttle high-energy electrons during ATP-generating reactions |
| heterotroph | organism that obtains food by consuming other living things; also called a consumer |
| NADP | ( nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate ): carrier molecule that transfers high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules |
| pigment | light-absorbing molecule used by plants to gather the sun's energy |
| photosynthesis | process used by plants and other autotrophs to gather light energy and to use it to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-rich carbohydrates such as sugars and starches |
| photosystem | cluster of chlorophyll and proteins found in thylakoid |
| light dependent reactions | set of reactions in photosynthesis that uses energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH |
| light independent reactions | set of reactions in photosynthesis that do not require light; energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such a s sugar: also called the Calvin cycle |
| stroma | fluid portion of the chloroplast; outside of the thylakoid |
| thylakoid | sac-like photosynthesetic membranes found in chloroplasts |