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Chapter 8 vocabulary

TermDefinition
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Compound used by cells to store and release energy
Heterotroph Organism that obtains food by consuming other living things; also called a consumer
Autotroph Organism that is able to capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a producer
Photosynthesis Process used by plants and other autotrophs to capture light energy and use it to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-rich carbohydrates such as sugars and starches
Pigment Light-absorbing molecule used by plants to gather the sun's energy
Chlorophyll Principal pigment of plants and other photosynthetic organisms
Thylakoid Saclike photosynthetic membranes found in chloroplasts
Stroma Small opening in the epidermis of a plant that allows carbon dioxide, water, and oxygen to diffuse into and out of the leaf
NADP+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate): Carrier molecule that transfers high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules
Light-Dependent Reactions Set of reactions in photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH
Light-Independent Reactions Set of reactions in photosynthesis that do not require light; energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar; also called the Calvin cycle
Photosystem Cluster of chlorophyll and proteins found in thylakoids
Electron Transport Chain Series of electron carrier proteins that shuttle high-energy electrons during ATP-generating reactions
ATP Synthase Cluster of proteins that span the cell membrane and allow hydrogen ions (H+) to pass through it
Calvin Cycle Light-independent reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar
Created by: user-1962465
 

 



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