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APC2 Quiz 4
Endocrine 1
| Brand | Generic | Category | Indications | Side Effects | US Boxed Warnings | Other Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fortamet, Glumetza, Riomet | metformin (PO) | Biguanide | Type 2 DM, PCOS | diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, Vitamin B12 deficiency | lactic acidosis | CI with eGFR <30 |
| Januvia, Zituvio | sitagliptin (PO) | Dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP-4) inhibitor | Type 2 DM | nasopharyngitis | ||
| Jardiance | empagliflozin (PO) | Sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitor 2 (SGLT2 inhibitor) | Type 2 DM, HF, CKD | genital mycotic infections, UTI | ||
| Farxiga | dapagliflozin (PO) | Sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitor 2 (SGLT2 inhibitor) | Type 2 DM, HF, CKD | gential mycotic infections, UTI | ||
| Amaryl | glimepiride (PO) | Sulfonylurea | Type 2 DM | hypoglycemia, weight gain | ||
| Glucotrol, Glucotrol XL | glipizide (PO) | Sulfonylurea | Type 2 DM | hypoglycemia, weight gain | ||
| Actos | pioglitazone (PO) | Thiazolidinedione (TZD) | Type 2 DM | peripheral edema, weight gain, upper respiratory tract infection; increased risk of fractures and bladder cancer | may exacerbate congestive heart failure and CI in NYHA Class III and IV | |
| Trulicity | dulaglutide (SQ) | Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist | Type 2 DM | nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, pancreatitis | may increase risk of thyroid c-cell tumor, CI in personal or family history of medullary thyroid cancer in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2 | |
| Victoza, Saxenda | liraglutide (SQ) | Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist | Type 2 DM, chronic weight management | nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, pancreatitis | may increase risk of thyroid c-cell tumor, CI in personal or family history of medullary thyroid cancer and in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2 | |
| SQ: Ozempic, Wegovy PO: Rybelsus, Wegovy | semaglutide (PO, SQ) | Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist | Type 2 DM, chronic weight management | nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, pancreatitis | may increase risk of thyroid c-cell tumor, CI in personal or family history of medullary thyroid cancer and in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2 | |
| Mounjaro, Zepbound | tirzepatide (SQ) | Dual GLP-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) agonist | Type 2 DM, chronic weight management | nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, increased heart rate, pancreatitis | may increase risk of thyroid c-cell tumor, CI in personal or family history of medullary thyroid cancer and in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2 | |
| Lantus, Toujeo, Basaglar | insulin glargine (SQ) | Insulin, long acting | Type 1 DM, type 2 DM | hypoglycemia, weight gain | ||
| Humulin N, Novolin N | insulin NPH (SQ) (OTC) | Insulin, intermediate acting | Type 1 DM, type 2 DM | hypoglycemia, weight gain | ||
| Novolog, Fiasp | insulin aspart (SQ) | Insulin, rapid acting | Type 1 DM, type 2 DM | hypoglycemia, weight gain | ||
| Humalog, Admelog, Lyumjev | insulin lispro (SQ) | Insulin, rapid acting | Type 1 DM, type 2 DM | hypoglycemia, weight gain | ||
| Humulin R, Novolin R | insulin regular (SQ, IV) SQ: OTC | Insulin, short-acting | Type 1 DM, type 2 DM, DKA | hypoglycemia, weight gain |