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Ch. 8A.1
med term
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| arteries | carry blood from the heart to all cells of the body |
| capillaries | microscopic vessels that join the arterial system with the venous system |
| veins | return blood to the heart, formed by smaller venules, which are formed by capillaries |
| venules | formed by capillaries |
| leaflets | flat, leaflike structures, comprise the valves of the hera and prevent the backflow of blood |
| lumen | tubular space or channel within an organ or structure of the body, space within an artery, vein, intestine, or tube |
| regurgitation | backflow or ejecting of contents through an opening |
| sphincter | circular muscles found in a tubular structure or hollow organs that constrict or dilate to regulate passage of substances through its opening |
| vasoconstriction | narrowing of the lumen of a blood vessel |
| vasodilaton | widening of the lumen of a blood vessel caused by the relaxing of the muscles of the vascular walls |
| viscosity | thickness or measure of how resistant a liquid is to flowing |
| tunica externa | outer coat, provides strength and flexibility |
| tunica media | middle layer, composed of smooth muscle, controls flow of blood through the vein |
| tunica intima | thin, inner lining of the vessel |
| pulse | the surge of blood felt in the arteries when blood is pumped from the heart |
| oxygen | O2 |
| arterioles | smaller arteries where oxygenated blood flows to |
| valves | small structures within veins that prevent the backflow of blood |
| pericardium | sac that encloses the heart |
| endocardium | membrane that lines the four chambers of the heart and it's valves, continuous with the endothelium of the arteries and veins |
| myocardium | muscular layer of the heart |
| epicardium | outermost layer of the heart |
| right/ left atrium | upper chambers, collect blood |
| right and left ventricle | lower chambers, pump blood from the heart |
| pulmonary circulation | right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs for oxygenation |
| systemic circulation | left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the entire body |
| superior vena cava | collects and carries blood from the upper body |
| inferior vena cava | collects and carries a blood from the lower body |
| tricuspid calce | blood pases through from the right atrium |
| left and right pulmonary arteries | blood leaves the right ventricle and travels to the lungs |
| pulmonic valve | prevents regurgitation of blood into the right ventricle from the pulmonary artery |
| right and left pulmonary veins | carry oxygenated blood back to the heart |
| mitral valve | blood passes to the left ventricle through the mitral valve |
| aorta | contains the aortic valve, branches into smaller arteries that carry blood to the entire body |
| aortic valve | permits blood flow from the left ventricle to the aorta |
| right and left coronary arteries | the arteries cascularizing the left and right side of the heart |
| circumflex artery | branch off of the coronary artery |
| left anterior descending artery | branch off the coronary artery |
| conduction tissue | initiates and spreads contraction impulses |
| sinoatrial node | aka the pacemaker, sets the basic pace for the cardiac rate |
| autonomic nervous system | may also alter the heart rate, allowing for the heart rate to be influenced internally and externally |
| atrioventricular node | causes the atria to contract |
| bundle of His (AV bundlle) | composed of a right and left branch relays the impulse to the purkinje fibers on the ventricle walls |
| purkinje fibers | transmit the impulse to the right and left ventricles, causing them to contract |
| electrocardiograph | record of impulses of the heart |
| P wave | contraction of the atria |
| QRS complex | contraction of the ventricles |
| T wave | recovery of the ventricles |
| blood pressure | force exerted by blood against the arterial walls during two phases of a heartbeat |
| systole | contraction phase |
| diastole | relaxation phase |
| sphygmomanometer | measures blood pressure |
| which chamber does blood enter the heart from the body | right atrium |
| Blood enters what chamber of the heart from the lungs | left atrium |
| What blood vessel brings blood to the heart from the body | superior and inferior vena cavas |
| What blood vessel leaves the heart to carry blood to the body | aorta |
| The top chambers of the heart are called | atrium |
| The bottom chambers of the heart are called | ventricles |
| What part of the heart delivers deoxygenated blood to the lungs | pulmonary arteries |
| The bicuspid valve is located on the _______ side of the heart | left |
| Blood leaves the right at atrium and enters the right ventricle through the _______ valve | tricuspid |
| Blood leaves the left at atrium and enters the left ventricle through the _______ valve | bicuspid |
| Blood that enters the right atrium is (oxygenated/deoxygenated) | oxygenated |
| Blood that enters the right atrium is (oxygenated/deoxygenated) | deoxygenated |
Created by:
tuckerea