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Chapter 1
anatomy
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ANTERIOR | FRONT OR BELLY SIDE |
| VENTRAL | FRONT OR BELLY SIDE |
| POSTERIOR | BACK SIDE |
| DORSAL | BACK SIDE |
| INFERIOR | FARTHER FROM THE TOP OF THE HEAD |
| SUPERIOR | CLOSER TO THE TOP OF THE HEAD |
| MEDIAL | TOWARD THE MIDLINE OF THE BODY |
| LATERAL | AWAY FROM THE MIDLINE |
| BILATERAL | RELATING TO OR AFFECTING TWO SIDES |
| PROXIMAL | CLOSER TO THE CONNECTION TO THE BODY |
| DISTAL | FARTHER FROM THE CONNECTION TO THE BODY |
| SUPERFICIAL | CLOSER TO THE SURFACE |
| DEEP | FARTHER FROM THE SURFACE |
| RIGHT | ON THE BODYS RIGTH SIDE |
| LEFT | ON THE BODYS LEFT SIDE |
| AXIAL | HEAD, NECK AND TRUNK |
| ABDOMINAL | BELLY |
| AXILLARY | ARMPIT |
| CRANIAL | HEAD |
| CEPHALIC | HEAD |
| CERVICAL | NECK |
| FACIAL | FACE |
| INGUINAL | GROIN |
| PELVIC | LOWER END OF THE TRUNK |
| THORACIC | CHEST |
| UMBILICAL | NAVEL |
| APPENDICULAR | ARMS AND LEGS |
| BRACHIAL | ARM |
| CARPAL | WRIST |
| CUBITAL | ELBOW |
| FEMORAL | THIGH |
| PALMAR | PALMS OF THE HANDS |
| PATELLAR | KNEE |
| PLANTAR | SOLES OF THE FEET |
| ANKLE | ANKLES |
| SAGITTAL | SEPARATES RIGHT FROM LEFT |
| TRANSVERSE | SEPARATES TOP FROM BOTTOM |
| FRONTAL | SEPARATES ANTERIOR FROM POSTERIOR ( FRONT FROM BACK) |
| SUPINE | ANTERIOR SURFACE FACING UP |
| PRONE | ANTERIOR SURFACE FACING DOWN |
| ANATOMY IS THE STUDY OF | STRUCTURES |
| PHYSIOLOGY IS THE STUDY OF | HOW STRUCTURES FUNCTION |
| PATHOLOGY IS THE STUDY OF | DISEASE |
| THE DORSAL CAVITY CONTAINS | CARNIAL AND VERTEBRAL CAVITIES |
| THE THORACIC CAVITY CONTAINS | PLEURAL CAVITIES (2) AND PERICARDIAL CAVITY |
| THE ABDOMINOPELVIC CONTAINS | ABDOMINAL CAVITY AND PELVIC CAVITY |
| CRANIAL CAVITY IS ASSOCIATED TO WHAT ORGAN | BRAIN |
| VERTEBAL CAVITY IS ASSOCIATED TO WHAT ORGAN | SPINAL CORD |
| PLEURAL CAVITIES IS ASSOCIATED TO WHAT ORGAN | LUNGS |
| PERICARDIAL CAVITY IS ASSOCIATED TO WHAT ORGAN | HEART |
| ABDOMINAL CAVITY IS ASSOCIATED TO WHAT ORGAN | DIGESTIVE ORGAN, SPLEEN |
| PELVIC CAVITY IS ASSOCIATED TO WHAT ORGAN | URINARY BLADDER, RECTUM, REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS |
| MENINGES MEMBRANES | CARNIAL AND VERTEBRAL CAVITY |
| PLEURAE MEMBRANES | PLEURAL CAVATIES |
| PERICARDIUM MEMBRANE | PERICARDIAL CAVITY |
| PERITONEUM MEMBRANE | ABDOMINAL AND PELVIC CAVITY |
| the study of body structures | anatomy |
| the study of how structures function | physiology |
| the study of disease | pathology |
| Which anatomical term describes a position closer to the midline of the body? | medial |
| What anatomical plane separates the body into right and left parts? | sagittal plane |
| The esophagus is posterior to the trachea. | posterior or dorsal |
| The lungs are superior to the diaphragm. | superior |
| The stomach is inferior to the diaphragm.` | inferior |
| The elbow is proximal to the wrist. | proximal |
| Fingernails are at the distal end of the fingers. | distal |
| The epidermis is superficial to the dermis of the skin. The hypodermis | superficial |
| the two major regions of the body are | axial region and appendicular region |
| the elbow is in the __________region | appendicular |
| pleurae membrane is | lungs |
| the space between the pleural cavities that contains the heart, esophagus trachea thymus and mayor vessels is called | mediastinum |
| The part of the pleural membrane in direct contact with the lung is called | visceral pleura |
| The part of the pleural membrane not in direct contact with the lung is the | parietal pleura |
| pleural fluid fills the space between the ____layer | two layers |
| The heart is surrounded by a similar serous membrane called | pericardium |
| The pericardium has two layers: | visceral and parietal pericrdium |
| the kidneys and most of the pancreas are | retroperitoneal |
| the membrane starts at the posterior abdominal wall extends out and surrounds the section of small intestine this | visceral peritoneum |
| the sections of the membrane where the peritoneum comes back parallel to itself are called | mesenteries |
| the process the body uses to reverse the direction of movement away from homeostasis | negative feedback |
| the process the body uses to increase the movement away from homeostasis | positive feedback |
| prenatally | before birth |
| perinatally | during birth |
| postnatally | after birth |
| objective signals | can be measured |
| subjective signals | signals that indicate something is wrong but it cannot be measured |
| disease causing foreign invaders | pathogens |
| infectious diseases that are contagious | communicable diseases |
| infectious diseases that are caused by pathogens but are not contagious | noncommunicable diseases |
| mutagen | an agent capable of causing a genetic mutation |
| mutation | a change in the DNA of a cell that is carried to the next generation of cells |
| a treatment regimen designed to cure the patient of the disease | curative treatment |
| involve a long term care plan to restore the patients normal body function | therapeutic treatment |
| a branch of medical science that deals with the scope, distribution, and control of disease in a population | epidemiology |
| incidence | the rate and range of the occurrence of a disease. |
| prevalence | a term that refers to how widespread the occurrence of a disease may be. |
| greater omentum | an extension of the visceral peritoneum that looks like a fatty apron lying over all the abdominal viscera and extends from the inferior margin of the stomach. |
| inflammation | the body’s normal immune response to injury and disease; characterized by redness, heat, swelling, and pain. |
| malaise | feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness. |
| sections of the peritoneal membrane where the parietal peritoneum comes back parallel to itself. | mesenteries |
| an internal environment that the body must maintain for normal functioning. | homeostasis |
Created by:
lupita25