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honors vocab 1.6
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Magna Carta | nobles forced king john to sign this it required the king to respect certain rights such as the right to a jury before a noble could be sentenced to prison. |
| English Parliament | formed in 1265 created for the nobility, limited monarchy |
| Manors | large fiefs or estates (related to manorialism) |
| Manorial system | Provided economic self-sufficiency and defense (economic system of Western Europe) |
| Three field system | where crops were rotated between three fields |
| feudalism | western Europe's government during the Middle Ages was decentralized and was based on a system of exchanges of land for loyalty. |
| serfs | (peasants) not slaves but were tied to the land in exchange for protection provided by the lord of the manor they paid tribute in the form of crops, labor, coins, a child born to serfs became one |
| Primogeniture | the eldest son inherits the land and power from his father. |
| bourgeoisie/burghers | the common people it included shopkeepers, merchants, craftspeople, and small landholders. |
| estates general | legislative body of France |
| estates | three main social classes of France |
| Otto | the German king who was crowned holy roman emperor in 962 |
| crusades | holy wars over palastine+jerusalam (Europeans vs. Muslims) it took place between 1095-1200s |
| Marco Polo | an Italian native from Venice visited the court of Kublai Khan in Dadu his descriptions of the people he met intrigued Europeans |
| Renaissance | a period characterized by a revival of interest in classical Greek and roman literature, art, culture, and civic virtue |
| Humanism | a characteristic of the Renaissance that focused on individuals rather than God |
| Great schism | In 1054 the Christian church in Europe divided into two branches the Roman Catholic church and the Orthodox Church |
| Lay investiture controversy | fight over who should pick the bishops |
| Antisemitism | (anti-Jewish sentiment) widespread among Christians. They thought of Jews as Outsiders and untrustworthy |
| Little ice age | a five -century cooling of the climate had many negative effects like decreased trade |