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5.10B Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| compaction | layers of sediment pressed together by natural forces |
| sediment | small pieces of rock |
| fossil fuels | coal, oil, and natural gas with decayed organisms necessary to form |
| deposition | the dropping of sediment by wind, water, and ice |
| cementation | sediments hardening together by water and minerals |
| sedimentary rock | a type of rock that forms in layers due to sediments pressing together for many years and then cementing together |
| igneous rock | a type of rock that forms when lava or magma cools and then hardens |
| metamorphic rock | a type of rock that used to be sedimentary rock or igneous rock until heat and pressure formed them into a new rock |
| weathering | the breaking down of rock into sediments |
| erosion | the movement of sediments |
| canyon | a deep valley with steep sides, often with a river running through it |
| destructive processes | form landforms by destroying land using processes of earthquakes, weathering, and erosion |
| constructive responses | form landforms by building them up using processes of deposition of sediments and volcanic eruptions |
| coal | a solid, nonrenewable fuel source found in sedimentary rock; forms from ancient plants |
| oil and natural gas | nonrenewable fuel sources found in sedimentary rock; form from the microorganisms found in ancient seas |