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chapter 5
science vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| evolution | change over time a gene pool |
| gene | a sequence of DNA code for a particular trait |
| mutations | are changes in a DNA |
| genetic drift | biological evolution that occurs by chance |
| natural selection | the processes which traits improve the survival of the organisms |
| fitness | describes how reproductively successful is in a environment |
| adaptation | a heritable that increases an individuals fitness |
| artificial selection | humans affects the individual |
| speciation | the process by which new species are generated |
| extinction | when scientist estimate 99% of all species that ever lived are gone |
| tolerance | the ability to survive and reproduce under changing environmental conditions |
| resource partitioning | because the species partion. or divide, the resource they use in common |
| Predation | is the process by which an individual of one species a predator hunts, captures,kills and consumes an individual of another |
| coevolution | is the process by which two species evolve in response to change in each other |
| parasitism | is a relationship in which one organism,the parasites ,depends on another ,the host,for nourishment or some other benefits |
| symbiosis | as long lasting and physically close relationship in which at least one organism benefits |
| herbivory | the interaction in which an animals feeds on a plant |
| mutualism | a realtioship in which two or more species benefit |
| commensalism | describes a relationship which one species benefit and other is unaffected |
| primary producers | energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it has to enter an ecosystem somehow. |
| photosynthesis | is the process by which primary produces use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugar, releasing oxygen |
| chemosynthesis | to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars in process |
| herbivores | organisms that rely on other organism for energy and nutrience |
| carnivors | most secondary and tertiary consumer kill and eat other animals |
| omnivors | animals that can eat both plant and animals food |
| detritivores | such a millipedes and soil insects. consume detritus nonliving organic matter including leaf litter, waste pructs,and dead |
| decomposers | such as fungi and bacteria, break down nonliving matter into simpler parts that can then be taken up and reused by primary |
| trophic level | is its rank in feeding hierarchy. |
| biomass | is the total amount of living tissues it contains |
| food chain | is a linear series of feeding relationships. |
| food web | is a visual map of feeding relationship and energy flow, showing the many paths by which energy and nutrients pass among |
| keystone species | a species that has strong or wide reaching impact on community |
| succession | when this occurred , a community experiences a somewhat predictable series of changes over time that ecologist call |
| primary succession | when a disturbance is so severe that no vegetation or soil life remains |
| pioneer species | species that colonize the newly exposed land first |
| secondary succession | unlike primary succession,begin when a disturbance,such as fire logging, or farming, dramatically,alters an existing community but |
| invasive species | is a nonnative organism that spreads widely in a community |
| niche | describes its use of resources and its functional role in a community |
Created by:
edmersona