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7th grade Midterm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| autotroph | an organism that makes its own food (producer) |
| photosynthesis | process by which plants capture the sunlight and use it to make energy |
| heterotroph | an organism that obtains energy by eating another organism (consumer) |
| chlorophyll | green pigment in plant cells |
| cellular respiration | process by which cells obtain energy through glucose |
| fermentation | energy releasing process that does not require oxygen |
| photosynthesis stage 1 | capturing the sun's energy in the leaves of the plant |
| photosynthesis stage 2 | using the sun's energy to produce sugars |
| chloroplasts | green organelles that contain chlorophyll |
| food chain | a series of events in which one organism eats another and obtains energy |
| energy pyramid | a diagram that shows the amount of energy that moves from one feeding level to another in a food web |
| ecology | study of how organisms interact with each other and their environment |
| ecosystem | the community of organisms that live in a particular area, along with their nonliving environment |
| biotic factors | the parts off a habitat that are living or once were living |
| community | made up of all of the populations living in a particular area |
| carnivore | consumers that eats only animals |
| omnivore | consumers that eat both plants and animals |
| abiotic factors | the nonliving parts of an organism's habitat |
| decomposer | an organism that breaks down wastes and dead organisms |
| species | a group of organisms that can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce. |
| scavenger | a carnivore that feeds on the bodies of dead organisms |
| population | made up of all the members of one species living in a particular area |
| organism | a living thing |
| food web | a system of overlapping food chains |
| habitat | an environment that provides the things a specific organism needs to live, grow, and reproduce |
| herbivore | a consumer that eats only plants |
| temperature | a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object |
| Fahrenheit scale | temperature scale where water freezes at 32 degrees and boils at 212 degrees. |
| Celsius scale | temperature scale where water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees. |
| Kelvin scale | temperature scale where absolute zero is the coldest temperature and no more energy can be removed from matter |
| absolute zero | the temperature at which no more energy can be removed from matter |
| heat | the transfer of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler object |
| convection | the transfer of thermal energy by the movement of a fluid |
| convection current | the movement of a fluid caused by differences in temperature that transfers heat from one part of a fluid to another |
| radiation | the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves |
| conduction | the transfer of thermal energy from one particle of matter to another through direct contact |
| conductor | a material that conducts heat well |
| insulator | a material that does not conduct heat well |
| specific heat | the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a material by 1 kelvin which is equal to 1 degree C. |
| thermal expansion | the expansion of matter when it is heated |
| thermal energy | the total energy of the motion of all of the particles in an object |
Created by:
KimRoush