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Chapter 11 Vocab

Cell Growth and Division

TermDefinition
Cell Division Process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells.
Chromosome Threadlike structure of DNA and protein that contains genetic information. -In eukaryotes, chromosomes are found in the nucleus. -In prokaryotes, chromosomes are found in the cytoplasm.
Chromatin Substance found in eukaryotic chromosomes that consists of DNA tightly coiled around histones.
Cell Cycle Series of events in which a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells.
Interphase Period of the cell cycle between cell divisions.
Mitosis Part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides.
Cytokinesis Division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells.
Prophase First and longest phase of mitosis in which the genetic material inside the nucleus condenses and the chromosomes become visible.
Chromatid One of two identical "sister" parts of a duplicated chromosome.
Centromere Region of a chromosome in which the two sister chromatids attach.
Centriole Structure in an animal cell that helps to organize cell division.
Metaphase Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell.
Anaphase Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell.
Telophase Phase of mitosis in which the distinct individual chromosomes begin to spread out into a tangle of chromatin.
Growth Factor One of the group of external regulatory proteins that stimulate the growth and division of cells.
Cyclin One of a family of proteins that regulates the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells.
Cancer Disorder in which some of the body's cells lose the ability to control growth.
Stem Cell Unspecialized cell that can give rise to one of more types of specialized cells.
Created by: kdulin
 

 



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